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Anthropogenic Impacts on the Microbial Ecology and Function of Aquatic Environments
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Year: 2016 Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

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Aquatic ecosystems are currently experiencing unprecedented levels of impact from human activities including over-exploitation of resources, habitat destruction, pollution and the influence of climate change. The impacts of these activities on the microbial ecology of aquatic environments are only now beginning to be defined. One of the many implications of environmental degradation and climate change is the geographical expansion of disease- causing microbes such as those from the Vibrio genus. Elevating sea surface temperatures correlate with increasing Vibrio numbers and disease in marine animals (e.g. corals) and humans. Contamination of aquatic environments with heavy metals and other pollutants affects microbial ecology with downstream effects on biogeochemical cycles and nutrient turnover. Also of importance is the pollution of aquatic environments with antibiotics, resistance genes and the mobile genetic elements that house resistance genes from human and animal waste. Such contaminated environments act as a source of resistance genes long after an antibiotic has ceased being used in the community. Environments contaminated with mobile genetic elements that are adapted to human commensals and pathogens function to capture new resistance genes for potential reintroduction back into clinical environments. This research topic encompasses these diverse topics and describes the affect(s) of human activity on the microbial ecology and function in aquatic environments and, describes methods of restoration and for modelling disturbances.


Book
Anthropogenic Impacts on the Microbial Ecology and Function of Aquatic Environments
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2016 Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

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Abstract

Aquatic ecosystems are currently experiencing unprecedented levels of impact from human activities including over-exploitation of resources, habitat destruction, pollution and the influence of climate change. The impacts of these activities on the microbial ecology of aquatic environments are only now beginning to be defined. One of the many implications of environmental degradation and climate change is the geographical expansion of disease- causing microbes such as those from the Vibrio genus. Elevating sea surface temperatures correlate with increasing Vibrio numbers and disease in marine animals (e.g. corals) and humans. Contamination of aquatic environments with heavy metals and other pollutants affects microbial ecology with downstream effects on biogeochemical cycles and nutrient turnover. Also of importance is the pollution of aquatic environments with antibiotics, resistance genes and the mobile genetic elements that house resistance genes from human and animal waste. Such contaminated environments act as a source of resistance genes long after an antibiotic has ceased being used in the community. Environments contaminated with mobile genetic elements that are adapted to human commensals and pathogens function to capture new resistance genes for potential reintroduction back into clinical environments. This research topic encompasses these diverse topics and describes the affect(s) of human activity on the microbial ecology and function in aquatic environments and, describes methods of restoration and for modelling disturbances.


Book
Anthropogenic Impacts on the Microbial Ecology and Function of Aquatic Environments
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2016 Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

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Abstract

Aquatic ecosystems are currently experiencing unprecedented levels of impact from human activities including over-exploitation of resources, habitat destruction, pollution and the influence of climate change. The impacts of these activities on the microbial ecology of aquatic environments are only now beginning to be defined. One of the many implications of environmental degradation and climate change is the geographical expansion of disease- causing microbes such as those from the Vibrio genus. Elevating sea surface temperatures correlate with increasing Vibrio numbers and disease in marine animals (e.g. corals) and humans. Contamination of aquatic environments with heavy metals and other pollutants affects microbial ecology with downstream effects on biogeochemical cycles and nutrient turnover. Also of importance is the pollution of aquatic environments with antibiotics, resistance genes and the mobile genetic elements that house resistance genes from human and animal waste. Such contaminated environments act as a source of resistance genes long after an antibiotic has ceased being used in the community. Environments contaminated with mobile genetic elements that are adapted to human commensals and pathogens function to capture new resistance genes for potential reintroduction back into clinical environments. This research topic encompasses these diverse topics and describes the affect(s) of human activity on the microbial ecology and function in aquatic environments and, describes methods of restoration and for modelling disturbances.


Book
Werner Klotz : das Auge ist ein seltsames Tier: Fotografien und Wahrnehmungsinstrumente von Werner Klotz
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9783897705043 Year: 2017 Publisher: Köln Salon Verlag

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Book
Essentials of soil science : soil formation, functions, use and classification (World reference base, WRB)
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9783443010904 3443010903 3443011292 Year: 2018 Publisher: Stuttgart : Borntraeger,

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This book is an introduction to soil science and describes the development of soils, their characteristics and their material composition as well as their functions in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Soil functions include the delivery of goods and services for the human society, such as food, clean water, and the maintenance of biodiversity.The book is profusely illustrated with many coloured figures and tables to accompany the text and ease its understanding. Particularly, the chapter on soil classification, based on the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB), includes numerous coloured pictures to facilitate understanding the characteristics of particular soil types. Chapters on soil protection and remediation as well as on soil monitoring and the history of soil sciences conclude the book together with a very comprehensive alphabetical index, allowing for a quick and easy orientation about the most important terms in soil sciences.The book addresses all those, who want to orient themselves about soils, their functions, their importance in terrestrial and aquatic environments and their contribution to the actual and future development of the human society, such as teachers, practitioners and students in the fields of agriculture, forestry, gardening, terrestrial and aquatic ecology and environmental engineering, and of course, beginning students of soil science. This book is a concise, yet comprehensive modern introduction to soil science and describes the development of soils, their characteristics and their material composition as well as their functions in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Soil functions include the delivery of goods and services for the human society, such as food, clean water, and the maintenance of biodiversity.The book is profusely illustrated with many coloured figures and tables to accompany the text and ease its understanding. Particularly the chapter on soil classification, based on the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB), features numerous colour pictures of typical soil profiles to facilitate understanding the characteristics of particular soil types. Chapters on soil protection and remediation and soil monitoring and the history of soil sciences conclude the book together with a very comprehensive alphabetical index, allowing for a quick and easy orientation about the most important terms in soil sciences.The book addresses all those, who want to orient themselves about soils, their functions, their importance in terrestrial and aquatic environments and their contribution to the actual and future development of the human society, such as teachers, practitioners and students in the fields of agriculture, forestry, gardening, terrestrial and aquatic ecology and environmental engineering, and of course, beginning students of soil science.


Book
Human impacts on ancient marine ecosystems
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9780520253438 9786612359354 0520934296 1282359355 9780520934290 0520253434 9781282359352 Year: 2008 Publisher: Berkeley University of California Press

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Archaeological data now show that relatively intense human adaptations to coastal environments developed much earlier than once believed-more than 125,000 years ago. With our oceans and marine fisheries currently in a state of crisis, coastal archaeological sites contain a wealth of data that can shed light on the history of human exploitation of marine ecosystems. In eleven case studies from the Americas, Pacific Islands, North Sea, Caribbean, Europe, and Africa, leading researchers working in coastal areas around the world cover diverse marine ecosystems, reaching into deep history to discover how humans interacted with and impacted these aquatic environments and shedding new light on our understanding of contemporary environmental problems.


Book
Remote Sensing in Applied Geophysics
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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The Special Issue is focused on recent and upcoming advances in the combined application of remote sensing and applied geophysics. Applied geophysics analyzes the distribution of physical properties in the subsurface for a wide range of geological, engineering, and environmental applications at different scales. Seismic, electrical, magnetic, and electromagnetic methods are among the most applied and well-established geophysical techniques. These methods share the advantages of being non-invasive and exploring wide areas of investigation with respect to conventional methods (e.g., drilling). Geophysical surveys are usually carried out deploying or moving the appropriate instrumentation directly on the ground surface. However, recent technological advances have resulting in the development of innovative acquisition systems becoming more typical of the remote sensing community (e.g., airborne surveys). While applied geophysics mainly focuses on the subsurface, typical remote sensing techniques have the ability to accurately image the Earth’s surface with high-resolution investigations carried out by means of terrestrial, airborne, or satellite-based platforms. The integration of surface and subsurface information is often crucial for several purposes, including the processing of geophysical data, the characterization and time-lapse monitoring of surface and near-surface targets, and the reconstruction of highly detailed and comprehensive 3D models of the investigated areas. Recent contributions showing the added value of surface reconstruction and/or monitoring in the processing, interpretation, and cross-comparison of geophysical techniques for archaeological, environmental, and engineering studies are collected in this book. Pioneering geophysical acquisitions by means of innovative remote systems are also presented.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- Alpine glaciers --- Belvedere Glacier --- ice thickness estimation --- ice bottom morphology and properties --- ground-penetrating radar (GPR) --- single-station passive seismic measurements --- horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) --- archaeological prospection --- automated resistivity profiling ARP --- electrical resistivity survey --- multi-channel ground penetrating radar --- geophysical methods integration --- Chang'E-4 --- lunar penetrating radar (LPR) --- 3D velocity spectrum --- properties analysis --- remote sensing and GIS --- field geophysics --- groundwater potentiality --- West Qena --- Egypt --- mine collapse --- anthropogenic hazard --- seismology --- GNSS --- InSAR --- post-seismic deformation mechanism --- InSAR time series algorithm --- Kermanshah earthquake --- viscoelastic relaxation --- near-surface geophysics --- LiDAR --- magnetic gradiometry --- surface magnetic susceptibility --- electromagnetic induction --- Middle Woodland period --- Hopewell archaeology --- depth inversion --- sedimentary processes --- Autonomous Surface Vehicles (ASV) --- marine geophysics --- shallow water environments --- repeated 4D surveys --- NAIADI Project (New Autonomous/automatIc systems for the study AnD monitoring of aquatic envIronments) --- electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) --- frequency domain electromagnetic (FDEM) --- archaeology --- terramare --- bronze age --- elastic full waveform inversion --- acoustic-elastic coupled --- ocean bottom seismic --- multicomponent --- multiparameter --- ground penetrating radar (GPR) --- moisture content --- velocity analysis --- optimal gather --- passive seismic interferometry --- surface wave --- inversion --- shear-wave velocity --- ambient noise --- dispersion curve --- aerial archaeology --- landscape archaeology --- frequency-domain electromagnetic methods (FDEM) --- paleochannel --- Snow Eagle 601 --- aerogeophysics --- Princess Elizabeth Land --- ice-penetrating radar --- Antarctic ice sheet --- Alpine glaciers --- Belvedere Glacier --- ice thickness estimation --- ice bottom morphology and properties --- ground-penetrating radar (GPR) --- single-station passive seismic measurements --- horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) --- archaeological prospection --- automated resistivity profiling ARP --- electrical resistivity survey --- multi-channel ground penetrating radar --- geophysical methods integration --- Chang'E-4 --- lunar penetrating radar (LPR) --- 3D velocity spectrum --- properties analysis --- remote sensing and GIS --- field geophysics --- groundwater potentiality --- West Qena --- Egypt --- mine collapse --- anthropogenic hazard --- seismology --- GNSS --- InSAR --- post-seismic deformation mechanism --- InSAR time series algorithm --- Kermanshah earthquake --- viscoelastic relaxation --- near-surface geophysics --- LiDAR --- magnetic gradiometry --- surface magnetic susceptibility --- electromagnetic induction --- Middle Woodland period --- Hopewell archaeology --- depth inversion --- sedimentary processes --- Autonomous Surface Vehicles (ASV) --- marine geophysics --- shallow water environments --- repeated 4D surveys --- NAIADI Project (New Autonomous/automatIc systems for the study AnD monitoring of aquatic envIronments) --- electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) --- frequency domain electromagnetic (FDEM) --- archaeology --- terramare --- bronze age --- elastic full waveform inversion --- acoustic-elastic coupled --- ocean bottom seismic --- multicomponent --- multiparameter --- ground penetrating radar (GPR) --- moisture content --- velocity analysis --- optimal gather --- passive seismic interferometry --- surface wave --- inversion --- shear-wave velocity --- ambient noise --- dispersion curve --- aerial archaeology --- landscape archaeology --- frequency-domain electromagnetic methods (FDEM) --- paleochannel --- Snow Eagle 601 --- aerogeophysics --- Princess Elizabeth Land --- ice-penetrating radar --- Antarctic ice sheet


Book
Remote Sensing in Applied Geophysics
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Loading...
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Abstract

The Special Issue is focused on recent and upcoming advances in the combined application of remote sensing and applied geophysics. Applied geophysics analyzes the distribution of physical properties in the subsurface for a wide range of geological, engineering, and environmental applications at different scales. Seismic, electrical, magnetic, and electromagnetic methods are among the most applied and well-established geophysical techniques. These methods share the advantages of being non-invasive and exploring wide areas of investigation with respect to conventional methods (e.g., drilling). Geophysical surveys are usually carried out deploying or moving the appropriate instrumentation directly on the ground surface. However, recent technological advances have resulting in the development of innovative acquisition systems becoming more typical of the remote sensing community (e.g., airborne surveys). While applied geophysics mainly focuses on the subsurface, typical remote sensing techniques have the ability to accurately image the Earth’s surface with high-resolution investigations carried out by means of terrestrial, airborne, or satellite-based platforms. The integration of surface and subsurface information is often crucial for several purposes, including the processing of geophysical data, the characterization and time-lapse monitoring of surface and near-surface targets, and the reconstruction of highly detailed and comprehensive 3D models of the investigated areas. Recent contributions showing the added value of surface reconstruction and/or monitoring in the processing, interpretation, and cross-comparison of geophysical techniques for archaeological, environmental, and engineering studies are collected in this book. Pioneering geophysical acquisitions by means of innovative remote systems are also presented.

Keywords

Alpine glaciers --- Belvedere Glacier --- ice thickness estimation --- ice bottom morphology and properties --- ground-penetrating radar (GPR) --- single-station passive seismic measurements --- horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) --- archaeological prospection --- automated resistivity profiling ARP --- electrical resistivity survey --- multi-channel ground penetrating radar --- geophysical methods integration --- Chang’E-4 --- lunar penetrating radar (LPR) --- 3D velocity spectrum --- properties analysis --- remote sensing and GIS --- field geophysics --- groundwater potentiality --- West Qena --- Egypt --- mine collapse --- anthropogenic hazard --- seismology --- GNSS --- InSAR --- post-seismic deformation mechanism --- InSAR time series algorithm --- Kermanshah earthquake --- viscoelastic relaxation --- near-surface geophysics --- LiDAR --- magnetic gradiometry --- surface magnetic susceptibility --- electromagnetic induction --- Middle Woodland period --- Hopewell archaeology --- depth inversion --- sedimentary processes --- Autonomous Surface Vehicles (ASV) --- marine geophysics --- shallow water environments --- repeated 4D surveys --- NAIADI Project (New Autonomous/automatIc systems for the study AnD monitoring of aquatic envIronments) --- electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) --- frequency domain electromagnetic (FDEM) --- archaeology --- terramare --- bronze age --- elastic full waveform inversion --- acoustic-elastic coupled --- ocean bottom seismic --- multicomponent --- multiparameter --- ground penetrating radar (GPR) --- moisture content --- velocity analysis --- optimal gather --- passive seismic interferometry --- surface wave --- inversion --- shear-wave velocity --- ambient noise --- dispersion curve --- aerial archaeology --- landscape archaeology --- frequency-domain electromagnetic methods (FDEM) --- paleochannel --- Snow Eagle 601 --- aerogeophysics --- Princess Elizabeth Land --- ice-penetrating radar --- Antarctic ice sheet --- n/a --- Chang'E-4

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