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Gynaecology. Obstetrics --- hartritmestoornissen --- elektrocardiografie --- bevalling --- cardiotocografie --- asfyxie --- foetale ontwikkeling --- Apgar score

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Preterm delivery (PTD; < 37 weeks’ gestation) complicates 5%–13% of deliveries worldwide, depending on the geographical and demographical characteristics of the population tested. It is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, as well as maternal morbidity. In fact, prematurity has both short- and long-term consequences for affected offspring and can leave these individuals with lifelong disabilities, even after the available interventions are attempted. While various risk factors for preterm birth are well-recognized, the etiology for preterm birth is multifactorial. Preterm parturition is a syndrome resulting from the premature activation of the common pathway of parturition, including an increased myometrial contractility; cervical ripening/dilatation and effacement; and membrane/decidual activation. Because the prevalence of preterm birth is so high, it is thought to put more financial, medical, and emotional stress on affected communities than any other perinatal issue. In past years, most of the research interest resulted in the prevention of preterm birth in order to alleviate the complications of prematurity. However, recent evidence suggests that the effect of preterm birth goes beyond the impact on the future health of both the mother and her offspring as well as the specific delivery in which preterm delivery has occurred. This book focuses on the risk factors, perinatal outcomes, and long-term consequences of this critical problem.

Medicine --- high-risk pregnancy --- shortened cervix --- microbiome --- Lactobacillus --- perinatal mortality --- preeclampsia --- pregnancy complications --- preterm birth --- preterm delivery --- small for gestational age --- extreme preterm birth --- placental abruption --- prematurity --- neurological --- pediatric --- systemic lupus erythematosus --- neurologic morbidity --- offspring --- preterm labor --- high-risk patients --- ultrasound --- elastography --- metalloproteinases --- MMP-8 --- MMP-9 --- risk factors --- prevention --- 17-OHPC --- micronized progesterone --- perinatal outcomes --- recommendations --- antenatal corticosteroids --- betamethasone --- preterm infant --- mortality --- respiratory distress syndrome --- gestational age --- threshold --- respiratory morbidity --- pediatric hospitalization --- Apgar score --- neurological morbidities --- long-term follow-up --- population-based study --- retrospective cohort --- ophthalmic morbidities --- retinopathy of prematurity --- n/a

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Preterm delivery (PTD; < 37 weeks’ gestation) complicates 5%–13% of deliveries worldwide, depending on the geographical and demographical characteristics of the population tested. It is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, as well as maternal morbidity. In fact, prematurity has both short- and long-term consequences for affected offspring and can leave these individuals with lifelong disabilities, even after the available interventions are attempted. While various risk factors for preterm birth are well-recognized, the etiology for preterm birth is multifactorial. Preterm parturition is a syndrome resulting from the premature activation of the common pathway of parturition, including an increased myometrial contractility; cervical ripening/dilatation and effacement; and membrane/decidual activation. Because the prevalence of preterm birth is so high, it is thought to put more financial, medical, and emotional stress on affected communities than any other perinatal issue. In past years, most of the research interest resulted in the prevention of preterm birth in order to alleviate the complications of prematurity. However, recent evidence suggests that the effect of preterm birth goes beyond the impact on the future health of both the mother and her offspring as well as the specific delivery in which preterm delivery has occurred. This book focuses on the risk factors, perinatal outcomes, and long-term consequences of this critical problem.

Medicine --- high-risk pregnancy --- shortened cervix --- microbiome --- Lactobacillus --- perinatal mortality --- preeclampsia --- pregnancy complications --- preterm birth --- preterm delivery --- small for gestational age --- extreme preterm birth --- placental abruption --- prematurity --- neurological --- pediatric --- systemic lupus erythematosus --- neurologic morbidity --- offspring --- preterm labor --- high-risk patients --- ultrasound --- elastography --- metalloproteinases --- MMP-8 --- MMP-9 --- risk factors --- prevention --- 17-OHPC --- micronized progesterone --- perinatal outcomes --- recommendations --- antenatal corticosteroids --- betamethasone --- preterm infant --- mortality --- respiratory distress syndrome --- gestational age --- threshold --- respiratory morbidity --- pediatric hospitalization --- Apgar score --- neurological morbidities --- long-term follow-up --- population-based study --- retrospective cohort --- ophthalmic morbidities --- retinopathy of prematurity

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It is well known that pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, stillbirth, and intrauterine growth restriction affect over 12% of all pregnancies worldwide. These complications negatively impact both maternal and neonatal health and have short- and long-term effects such as an increased risk of neurodevelopmental and cardiovascular diseases. Over the past decade, numerous groups have investigated the use of new and/or existing drugs to either prolong gestation, such as in cases of threatened preterm labour; alleviate hypertension in preeclampsia; or promote adequate blood flow and nutrient delivery to the placenta to facilitate growth in IUGR. The overarching goal has been to promote healthier pregnancies and neonatal health, but it has been difficult to translate this work into the clinical setting, with problems in terms of drug delivery, specificity, and importantly, the early diagnostic capacities for complications in pregnancy. This book focuses on the early detection, potential novel therapeutic targets, risk factors, maternal outcomes, and long-term consequences of this critical problem.

ultrasonography --- elastography --- uterine cervix --- term pregnancy --- parturition --- genotyping --- preeclampsia --- MMP-9 --- MMP-2 --- SNPs --- tocolytic --- preterm birth --- preterm labor --- neonate --- prematurity --- pregnancy --- therapeutic --- progesterone --- fetus --- sex as a biological variable --- sex differences --- pregnancy complications --- placenta --- prenatal diagnosis --- fetal growth restriction --- miscarriage --- chorio-deciduitis --- grade --- amnionitis --- acute histologic chorioamnionitis --- intra-amniotic inflammatory response --- beta-blocker --- endothelial dysfunction --- cardiovascular disease --- pregnancy loss --- immunology --- vascular endothelial growth factor --- galectin-9 --- interleukin-4 --- proteomics --- urine --- biomarkers --- IBP4 --- SHBG --- RPL --- NK cells --- sildenafil --- PDE5A --- VEGF-A --- angiotensin --- infant --- newborn --- female --- abruptio placentae --- Apgar score --- pregnant women --- gestational age --- IL-1 blockade --- anakinra --- canakinumab --- human --- inflammation --- fetal growth restriction (FGR) --- intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) --- SPINT1 --- HAI-1 --- stillbirth --- placental insufficiency --- histopathology --- cardiovascular risk --- postpartum screening --- n/a

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The topics covered in the book cover different aspects of sexual and reproductive health. This book provides novel research results that may be essential as a basis for the development of health policies and strategies in sexual and reproductive health. These policies are necessary to achieve greater health protection. Among others, issues as important as the increase in STIs, their risk factors, vulnerable situations and populations, as well as the issue of priority in reproductive health, such as the care that must be provided during pregnancy and childbirth in order to guarantee healthy women and children, are developed in the book. There is no doubt that women should be the preferential recipients of these health policies and strategies and, therefore, pathologies that have an impact on their quality of life as well as the situations of gender violence that these women experience also occupy a place within the content of this book. In this book, you can find interesting results allowing researchers to take into account in proposing new lines of research, students and academics to receive and transmit the most current and relevant knowledge, political leaders to develop adequate and efficient health policies and strategies, and clinical health professionals to work in clinical practice with the best available scientific evidence.

female genital mutilation (FGM) --- women’s health needs --- equality --- quality of maternity care --- midwifery continuity of care --- sexually transmitted infections --- economic recession --- transients and migrants --- government health expenditure --- adolescents --- maternal health --- family planning --- abortion --- training --- health professionals --- unplanned pregnancy --- Thailand --- pre-post evaluation --- son preference --- reproductive behavior --- migrant women --- subsequent parity --- HIV prevention --- unintended pregnancies --- condom use --- sexual risk --- Latins --- psychometric --- validity --- sexual behavior --- STI prevention --- US state laws --- infant mortality --- chronic fatigue --- endometriosis --- psychosocial status --- quality of life --- validation study --- satisfaction questionnaire --- birth attention --- patient satisfaction --- diagnostic --- diagnostic targets --- ELISA-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay --- epitopes --- immunogens --- sera --- serodiagnosis --- Trichomonas vaginalis --- non-prescription drugs --- community pharmacies --- consultation --- patient simulation --- emergency contraception --- ulipristal acetate --- Germany --- sexual behaviour --- sexual health --- sexually transmitted diseases --- public health --- risk groups --- Apgar score --- meta-analysis --- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit --- neonatal morbidity --- newborn care --- labor stage --- second --- systematic review --- maternal dietary patterns --- pregnancy --- gestational gain weight --- offspring --- patient and public involvement --- women --- health --- research --- international collaboration --- ethnic disparity --- utilization --- maternal and child health services --- China --- attitudes --- HIV/AIDS --- students --- nursing --- post-traumatic stress disorder --- predictive model --- validation --- intimate partner violence --- prevalence --- umbrella review --- n/a --- women's health needs