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Bacillariophyta = Diatoms = Diatomeae --- Luticola --- Antarctic Islands

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USR former USSR --- former USSR --- ecology --- Antarctic Islands

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Altitudinal gradients provide excellent opportunities to study relationships between species distribution and climatic variables. We studied the species composition of 39 samples of moss-inhabiting diatoms, collected at 50 m intervals from 100-650 m above sea level. The samples contained a total of 130 diatom species, of which 51 occurred in 10 or more samples. Altitude appeared to be the most important variable explaining variation in species composition. Of the 51 common species, 33 showed a significant relationship with altitude. Although the majority of the latter declined with increasing altitude, for nine species the probability of occurrence first increased with increasing elevation, but decreased again at higher altitudes, and four species increased systematically with elevation. As a result, expected species richness per sample decreased from an estimated 43 at 100 m to 25 species per sample at 650 m. Diatom distribution patterns proved to be suitable predictors of the altitudinal position of sample sites. Cross-validation yielded a strong relationship between predicted and observed altitudes

BR Staff Publications [a] (paper in international, peer reviewed journal) --- Antarctic Islands --- Bacillariophyta = Diatoms = Diatomeae

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Contemporary eruptive episodes and present volcanic activity at Deception Island have created a mosaic of different environmental conditions. In this study, the microalgal communities inhabiting 18 sites differing in geology, degree of disturbance and physico-chemical features (texture, water, organic matter and nutrient contents) were characterized in terms of composition, species richness and biomass. 140 taxa were recorded, with richest communities associated with stable sites and some of the poorest ones in locations affected by recent eruptions. In accordance, a canonical correspondence analysis ordinated species and sites along the first axis acording to the precentage of coarse particles, and degree of disturbance (eigenvalues 0.79 and 0.65, p=0.04). Results of a cluster analysis grouped firstly algal taxa with high fidelity to one set of environmental conditions, while "ubiquitous" ones had the lowest similarity values. These taxa, mainly filamentous Cyanobacteria and diatoms, are the only colonizers of harsher or recently formed environments

BR Staff Publications [a] (paper in international, peer reviewed journal) --- Antarctic Islands --- Algae

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Islands have captured the imagination of scientists and the public for centuries-unique and rare environments, their isolation makes them natural laboratories for ecology and evolution. This authoritative, alphabetically arranged reference, featuring more than 200 succinct articles by leading scientists from around the world, provides broad coverage of all the island sciences. But what exactly is an island? The volume editors define it here as any discrete habitat isolated from other habitats by inhospitable surroundings. The Encyclopedia of Islands examines many such insular settings-oceanic and continental islands as well as places such as caves, mountaintops, and whale falls at the bottom of the ocean. This essential, one-stop resource, extensively illustrated with color photographs, clear maps, and graphics will introduce island science to a wide audience and spur further research on some of the planet's most fascinating habitats.

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