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Fitness and adaptation are fundamental characteristics of plant and animal species, enabling them to survive in their environment and to adapt to the inevitable changes in this environment. This is true for both the genetic resources of natural ecosystems as well as those used in agricultural production. Extensive genetic variation exists between varieties/breeds in a species and amongst individuals within breeds. This variation has developed over very long periods of time. A major ongoing challenge is how to best utilize this variation to meet short-term demands whilst also conserving it for longer-term possible use. Many animal breeding programs have led to increased performance for production traits but this has often been accompanied by reduced fitness. In addition, the global use of genetic resources prompts the question whether introduced genotypes are adapted to local production systems. Understanding the genetic nature of fitness and adaptation will enable us to better manage genetic resources allowing us to make efficient and sustainable decisions for the improvement or breeding of these resources. This book had an ambitious goal in bringing together a sample of the world’s leading scientists in animal breeding and evolutionary genetics to exchange knowledge to advance our understanding of these vital issues.

Animal breeding. --- Animal genetic engineering. --- Animal genetics. --- Animal mutation breeding. --- Animal population genetics. --- Animals. --- Evolutionary genetics. --- Animal genetics --- Animals --- Evolutionary genetics --- Animal genetic engineering --- Animal breeding --- Animal mutation breeding --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Evolution --- Genetics --- Biology - General --- Adaptation --- Adaptation. --- Domestic animals --- Genetic evolution --- Animal adaptation --- Breeding --- Genetic engineering --- Life sciences. --- Agriculture. --- Biodiversity. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Biomathematics. --- Life Sciences. --- Life Sciences, general. --- Genetics and Population Dynamics. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Animal biotechnology --- Transgenic animals --- Evolution (Biology) --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Adaptation (Physiology) --- Evolution (Biology). --- Mathematics. --- Animal evolution --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology) --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Mathematics

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This book summarises the newest information on seasonal adaptation in animals. Topics include animal hibernation, daily torpor, thermoregulation, heat production, metabolic depression, biochemical adaptations, neurophysiology and energy balance. The contributors to this book present interdisciplinary research at multiple levels ranging from the molecular to the ecophysiological, as well as evolutionary approaches. The chapters of this book provide original data not published elsewhere, which makes it the most up-to-date, comprehensive source of information on these fields. The book’s subchapters correspond to presentations given at the 14th International Hibernation Symposium in August 2012 in Austria. This is a very successful series of symposia (held every four years since 1959) that attracts leading researchers in the field. Like the past symposia, this meeting – and consequently the book – is aimed not only at hibernation but at covering the full range of animal adaptations to seasonal environments. For the next four years, this book will serve as the cutting-edge reference work for graduate students and scientists active in this field of physiology and ecology.

Animal ecology. --- Animal Physiology. --- Animals -- Adaptation. --- Biochemistry. --- Body temperature -- Regulation. --- Cytology. --- Acclimatization --- Body temperature --- Metabolism --- Animals --- Adaptation (Physiology) --- Adaptation, Physiological --- Eukaryota --- Homeostasis --- Body Temperature --- Physiological Processes --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Physiological Phenomena --- Adaptation, Biological --- Phenomena and Processes --- Organisms --- Biological Processes --- Biological Phenomena --- Body Temperature Regulation --- Hibernation --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Zoology --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physiology --- Animal Behavior --- Ecology --- Regulation --- Adaptation --- Climatic factors --- Life sciences. --- Regulation. --- Adaptation. --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Animal adaptation --- Control of metabolism --- Metabolic control --- Metabolic regulation --- Regulation of metabolism --- Regulation of body temperature --- Temperature adaptation --- Thermoregulation --- Veterinary medicine. --- Cell biology. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Animal physiology. --- Life Sciences. --- Animal Ecology. --- Animal Biochemistry. --- Cell Biology. --- Veterinary Medicine. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Science --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Biological control systems --- Evolution (Biology). --- Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science. --- Animal evolution --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biology --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Farriery --- Large animal medicine --- Large animal veterinary medicine --- Livestock medicine --- Veterinary science --- Medicine --- Animal health --- Domestic animals --- Livestock --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Animal physiology --- Anatomy --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Diseases --- Losses --- Composition