Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

We discuss existing shortfalls and inequalities in the accumulation of human capital—knowledge, skills, and health. We analyze their immediate and systemic causes, and assess the scope for public intervention. The broad policy goals should be to improve: the quality, and not just the quantity, of education and health care; outcomes for disadvantaged groups; and lifelong outcomes. The means to achieve these goals, while maximizing value for money, include: focusing on results rather than just inputs; moving from piecemeal interventions to systemic reform; and adopting a “whole-of-society” approach. Reforms must be underpinned by a robust evidence base.

Labor --- Health Policy --- Health: General --- Health: Government Policy --- Regulation --- Public Health --- Education: General --- Education: Government Policy --- Human Capital --- Skills --- Occupational Choice --- Labor Productivity --- Analysis of Health Care Markets --- Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure --- Education --- Health economics --- Labour --- income economics --- Health systems & services --- Health --- Human capital --- Health care --- Labor force --- Medical care --- Labor market --- Ghana --- Education, Higher. --- Labor. --- Health Policy. --- Health: General. --- Health: Government Policy. --- Regulation. --- Public Health. --- Education: General. --- Education: Government Policy. --- Human Capital. --- Skills. --- Occupational Choice. --- Labor Productivity. --- Analysis of Health Care Markets. --- Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure. --- Education. --- Health economics. --- Labour. --- income economics. --- Health systems & services. --- Health. --- Health care. --- Labor force. --- Medical care. --- Labor market. --- Ghana.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In Italy, health care budget ceilings are not effective. The poor control by the central government results in excessive use of expensive inputs, in long waiting lines for medical procedures, and in the emergence of large arrears to suppliers and commercial banks. To fully gain the benefits of its decentralized structure, Italy needs to clarify the rules of the game and strengthen controls on local health authorities. Full fiscal responsibility should be extended to local governments on both the expenditure and revenue sides. The central government should be involved neither in decisions on the services that local governments should supply, nor in their planning and management.

Exports and Imports --- Public Finance --- Health Policy --- National Government Expenditures and Health --- Analysis of Health Care Markets --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Health: General --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Public finance & taxation --- Health systems & services --- Health economics --- International economics --- Health care spending --- Health care --- Expenditure --- Health --- Arrears --- External debt --- Expenditures, Public --- Medical care --- Debts, External --- Italy

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This paper examines the relationship between health aid and infant mortality, using data from 118 countries between 1973 and 2004. Health aid has a statistically significant effect on infant mortality: doubling per capita health aid is associated with a 2 percent reduction in the infant mortality rate. For the average country, this implies that increasing per capita health aid by US$1.60 per year is associated with 1.5 fewer infant deaths per thousand births. The estimated effect is small, relative to the targets envisioned by the Millennium Development Goals.

Econometrics --- Public Finance --- Health Policy --- Health: General --- National Government Expenditures and Health --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Estimation --- Analysis of Health Care Markets --- Health economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Econometrics & economic statistics --- Health systems & services --- Health --- Health care spending --- Public expenditure review --- Estimation techniques --- Health care --- Expenditures, Public --- Econometric models --- Medical care --- India --- Economic assistance --- Infants --- Mortality --- Economic aspects.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Government spending plays a critical role in protecting and enforcing rights and civil liberties. Empirical evidence for a sample of industrial and developing countries shows that government expenditures on defense, law and order, social security, education, and health care are associated with three rights indicators—property rights, equality of citizens before the law, and economic freedom. In particular, an increase in spending on law and order seems to improve the indicators of rights and civil liberties, and lower budget deficits seem to improve property rights and equality before the law. Of great importance is the finding that corruption is associated with worse rights indicators.

Budgeting --- Public Finance --- Health Policy --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Basic Areas of Law: General (Constitutional Law) --- National Budget --- Budget Systems --- Education: General --- Analysis of Health Care Markets --- Public finance & taxation --- Budgeting & financial management --- Education --- Health systems & services --- Expenditure --- Total expenditures --- Budget planning and preparation --- Health care --- Expenditures, Public --- Budget --- Medical care

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This paper reviews the annual progress report on Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) for Republic of Congo. The adoption of the PRSP in March 2008 was followed by adoption of the Operational Action Plan for implementation of the PRSP. The poverty reduction strategy is being implemented in an international economic context marked by a severe economic and financial crisis. The government has also undertaken significant structural administrative reforms with a view to improving political governance.

International monetary fund -- Mexico. --- Mexico -- Economic conditions. --- Mexico -- Economic policy. --- Infrastructure --- Macroeconomics --- Health Policy --- Labor Economics: General --- Education: General --- Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities: General --- Health: General --- Analysis of Health Care Markets --- Labour --- income economics --- Education --- Health economics --- Health systems & services --- Labor --- Transportation --- Health --- Health care --- National accounts --- Labor economics --- Saving and investment --- Medical care --- Congo, Democratic Republic of the --- Income economics