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BPB9999 --- Russie --- BPB2208 --- Ukraine --- Ukraina --- Ukrajna --- l-Ukraina --- Украйна --- die Ukraine --- Ucrânia --- An Úcráin --- Украина --- Ucraina --- Ουκρανία --- Украјина --- Ukrajina --- Ucrania --- Oekraïne --- Republiek Oekraïne --- República da Ucrânia --- Република Украина --- Δημοκρατία της Ουκρανίας --- Rusland --- Ryssland --- Rusko --- An Rúis --- Русија --- ir-Russja --- Rusija --- Venäjä --- Ρωσία --- Rusia --- Oroszország --- die Russische Föderation --- Venemaa --- Русия --- Krievija --- Rússia --- Rosja --- Russia --- Russische Föderation --- Venäjän federaatio --- Federata Ruse --- Ruská federace --- Fédération de Russie --- Federacja Rosyjska --- Ruská federácia --- Krievijas Federācija --- Venemaa Föderatsioon --- Russische Federatie --- Russian Federation --- il-Federazzjoni Russa --- Ruska federacija --- Den Russiske Føderation --- Federația Rusă --- Federação Russa --- Federazione russa --- RSFSR --- Ryska federationen --- Orosz Föderáció --- Руска Федерација --- Rußland --- Руска федерация --- Rusijos Federacija --- Federación de Rusia --- Russland --- Ukraine Conflict, 2014 --- -Ukraine - Foreign relations - Russia (Federation) --- Russia (Federation) - Foreign relations - Ukraine --- -Ukraine war, 2022 --- -Ukraine --- Russia (Federation)

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"Nous ne serons jamais frères ; ni de même patrie ni de même mère." Tels sont les mots adressés par la poétesse ukrainienne Anastasia Dmitruk au peuple russe en 2014, miroir inversé des discours récents de Vladimir Poutine qui ne cesse de souligner au contraire l'identité commune entre les deux pays. S'appuyant sur son expérience de terrain en Russie et en Ukraine, Anna Colin Lebedev retrace les trajectoires de ces deux sociétés pendant les années postsoviétiques. Si l'époque soviétique a créé une proximité forte entre elles, leur passé n'est pas complètement semblable, et les différences n'ont cessé de s'approfondir au cours des trente dernières années. À partir de 2014, l'annexion de la Crimée et la guerre dans le Donbass ont conduit à une rupture entre Russes et Ukrainiens qui ont cessé d'avoir la même vision d'un destin partagé. Et c'est un gouffre qui semble se creuser entre les deux peuples depuis février 2022, alors que l'agression armée de l'Ukraine par la Russie les ont fait basculer dans l'horreur d'un conflit meurtrier. Aucun livre ne suffira à combler ce gouffre et à panser l'immense blessure de la guerre. Ce texte se veut cependant un pas dans une direction essentielle : ne pas renoncer à connaître et comprendre l'autre.

Ukraine Conflict, 2014 --- -Russia (Federation) --- Ukraine --- Foreign relations --- -Foreign relations. --- 921 --- Russie histoire --- Ukraine histoire --- geschiedenis Europa --- histoire Europe --- BPB9999 --- BPB2304 --- guerre --- Russie --- Ukraina --- Ukrajna --- l-Ukraina --- Украйна --- die Ukraine --- Ucrânia --- An Úcráin --- Украина --- Ucraina --- Ουκρανία --- Украјина --- Ukrajina --- Ucrania --- Oekraïne --- Republiek Oekraïne --- República da Ucrânia --- Република Украина --- Δημοκρατία της Ουκρανίας --- Rusland --- Ryssland --- Rusko --- An Rúis --- Русија --- ir-Russja --- Rusija --- Venäjä --- Ρωσία --- Rusia --- Oroszország --- die Russische Föderation --- Venemaa --- Русия --- Krievija --- Rússia --- Rosja --- Russia --- Russische Föderation --- Venäjän federaatio --- Federata Ruse --- Ruská federace --- Fédération de Russie --- Federacja Rosyjska --- Ruská federácia --- Krievijas Federācija --- Venemaa Föderatsioon --- Russische Federatie --- Russian Federation --- il-Federazzjoni Russa --- Ruska federacija --- Den Russiske Føderation --- Federația Rusă --- Federação Russa --- Federazione russa --- RSFSR --- Ryska federationen --- Orosz Föderáció --- Руска Федерација --- Rußland --- Руска федерация --- Rusijos Federacija --- Federación de Rusia --- Russland --- cogadh --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- Relations --- Mémoire collective --- Relations extérieures --- Relations internationales --- Politique et gouvernement --- Guerre russo-ukrainienne (2022-....). --- Russo-Ukrainian War, 2014 --- UKRAINE--FOREIGN RELATIONS --- RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS --- RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--UKRAINE --- RUSSIA--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT --- UKRAINE--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT

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La guerre, pour reprendre l'expression du général Le Borgne, serait "morte à Hiroshima" il y a plus d'un demi-siècle. Et pourtant elle n'a jamais cessé. Actes terroristes, conflits israélo-palestiniens et moyen-orientaux, implosion de la Yougoslavie, pays déchirés par les factions, sans même parler des autres guerres : économiques, psychologiques, informatiques, guerres des sexes ou des générations... L'invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie a pourtant rebattu les cartes. Cette fois, dit-on, c'est le retour de la vraie guerre, avec ses exactions, ses horreurs, sa violence. Mais qu'est-ce qu'une vraie guerre ? En convoquant de grands philosophes politiques, de Platon à Marx, en passant par Machiavel et Hobbes, ce livre tente de répondre à cette question, qu'elle accompagne d'une série d'autres : qu'est-ce qu'une guerre juste ? Quelles sont les forces morales engagées dans un conflit ? Est-ce l'Etat qui fait la guerre ou la guerre qui fait l'Etat ? Enfin, après avoir exploré les significations et les enjeux du spectre de la guerre "totale" , il affronte l'ultime question : pourquoi la guerre ?

BPB9999 --- BPB2303 --- guerre --- Ukraine --- Russie --- géopolitique --- geopolityka --- ġeopolitika --- geopoliitika --- geopolitika --- Geopolitik --- geopolitik --- геополитика --- geopolitica --- geopolitiek --- geopolitică --- geopolítica --- γεωπολιτική --- geopolitics --- gjeopolitikë --- geopholaitíocht --- ģeopolitika --- geopolitiikka --- Rusland --- Ryssland --- Rusko --- An Rúis --- Русија --- ir-Russja --- Rusija --- Venäjä --- Ρωσία --- Rusia --- Oroszország --- die Russische Föderation --- Venemaa --- Русия --- Krievija --- Rússia --- Rosja --- Russia --- Russische Föderation --- Venäjän federaatio --- Federata Ruse --- Ruská federace --- Fédération de Russie --- Federacja Rosyjska --- Ruská federácia --- Krievijas Federācija --- Venemaa Föderatsioon --- Russische Federatie --- Russian Federation --- il-Federazzjoni Russa --- Ruska federacija --- Den Russiske Føderation --- Federația Rusă --- Federação Russa --- Federazione russa --- RSFSR --- Ryska federationen --- Orosz Föderáció --- Руска Федерација --- Rußland --- Руска федерация --- Rusijos Federacija --- Federación de Rusia --- Russland --- Ukraina --- Ukrajna --- l-Ukraina --- Украйна --- die Ukraine --- Ucrânia --- An Úcráin --- Украина --- Ucraina --- Ουκρανία --- Украјина --- Ukrajina --- Ucrania --- Oekraïne --- Republiek Oekraïne --- República da Ucrânia --- Република Украина --- Δημοκρατία της Ουκρανίας --- cogadh --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- Guerre --- Philosophie.

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"A RAND Corporation study examined Russian-language content on social media and the broader propaganda threat posed to the region of former Soviet states that include Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, and, to a lesser extent, Moldova and Belarus. In addition to employing a state-funded multilingual television network, operating various Kremlin-supporting news websites, and working through several constellations of Russia-backed "civil society" organizations, Russia employs a sophisticated social media campaign that includes news tweets, nonattributed comments on web pages, troll and bot social media accounts, and fake hashtag and Twitter campaigns. Nowhere is this threat more tangible than in Ukraine, which has been an active propaganda battleground since the 2014 Ukrainian revolution. Other countries in the region look at Russia's actions and annexation of Crimea and recognize the need to pay careful attention to Russia's propaganda campaign. To conduct this study, RAND researchers employed a mixed-methods approach that used careful quantitative analysis of social media data to understand the scope of Russian social media campaigns combined with interviews with regional experts and U.S. and North Atlantic Treaty Organization security experts to understand the critical ingredients to countering this campaign."--Publisher's description.

Information warfare --- Social media --- Propaganda, Russian --- Russian propaganda --- User-generated media --- Communication --- User-generated content --- Military art and science --- Russia $9 eng --- Ukraine --- social media --- access to information --- political propaganda --- πολιτική προπαγάνδα --- poliitiline propaganda --- politische Propaganda --- propagandë politike --- propagande politique --- propagandă politică --- politinė propaganda --- politička propaganda --- poliittinen propaganda --- propaganda polityczna --- propaganda politica --- propaganda politika --- politiskā propaganda --- политическа пропаганда --- propaganda política --- politická propaganda --- politična propaganda --- политичка пропаганда --- politisk propaganda --- politieke propaganda --- politikai propaganda --- пропаганда --- propaganda --- prístup k informáciám --- pristup informacijama --- acceso a la información --- Informationszugang --- info kättesaadavus --- accesso all'informazione --- információkhoz való hozzáférés --- prieiga prie informacijos --- пристап до информации --- acesso à informação --- zpřístupňování informací --- dostęp do informacji --- adgang til information --- acces la informație --- pieeja informācijai --- достъп до информация --- toegang tot de informatie --- πρόσβαση στην πληροφορία --- tietojen saatavuus --- tillgång till information --- приступ информацијама --- akses në informacion --- aċċess għall-informazzjoni --- accès à l'information --- dostop do informacij --- free movement of information --- circulación de la información --- slobodný pohyb informácií --- проток на информации --- információk szabad áramlása --- pohyb informace --- Informationsfluss --- tietojen vapaa liikkuvuus --- κυκλοφορία των πληροφοριών --- informație publică --- nyilvános információk --- teabe vaba liikumine --- közérdekű információk --- Information der Öffentlichkeit --- informação do público --- julkiset tiedot --- public information --- avalik teave --- nevaržomas informacijos judėjimas --- javna informacija --- slobodan pristup informacijama --- informacijos prieinamumas --- circulatie van informatie --- circolazione delle informazioni --- információk szabad mozgása --- slobodno širenje informacija --- viešoji informacija --- qarkullim i lirë i informacionit --- veřejná informace --- pristup podacima --- trasmissione delle informazioni --- laisvas informacijos judėjimas --- informācijas brīva aprite --- publiska informācija --- слободен пристап до информации --- circulation de l'information --- libera circulație a informației --- слободно ширење информации --- informim publik --- circulação da informação --- verejné informácie --- médias sociaux --- sociální média --- обществени медии --- друштвени медиуми --- soziale Medien --- medios sociales --- družbeni mediji --- sociālie mediji --- media sociais --- sosiaalisen median väline --- media społecznościowe --- na meáin shóisialta --- sociala medier --- sociale medier --- közösségi média --- sociale media --- μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης --- društveni mediji --- sotsiaalmeedia --- sociálne médiá --- media soċjali --- media sociali --- mijloace de comunicare sociale --- socialinė žiniasklaida --- mjetet e komunikimit social --- друштвени медији --- social network --- дружбени медиуми --- média social --- platformă (de comunicare) socială --- réseaux sociaux --- midja soċjali --- mezzi ta' komunikazzjoni soċjali --- sociālie plašsaziņas līdzekļi --- suhtlusmeedia --- ühismeedia --- sociální médium --- socialiniai tinklai --- rede social --- media sociale --- μέσο κοινωνικής δικτύωσης --- réseau social --- platforma społecznościowa --- Social Media --- družbeni medij --- medium soċjali --- socialt netværk --- sociálne médium --- redes sociales --- друштвена мрежа --- mezzi tax-xandir soċjali --- közösségi médium --- социјални медиуми --- social medium --- обществена медия --- социална мрежа --- sosiaalinen media --- медиуми за општење --- redes sociais --- Ukraina --- Ukrajna --- l-Ukraina --- Украйна --- die Ukraine --- Ucrânia --- An Úcráin --- Украина --- Ucraina --- Ουκρανία --- Украјина --- Ukrajina --- Ucrania --- Oekraïne --- Republiek Oekraïne --- República da Ucrânia --- Република Украина --- Δημοκρατία της Ουκρανίας --- bolscaireacht pholaitíochta --- rochtain ar fhaisnéis

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L’invasion de l’Ukraine par la Russie, le 24 février 2022, a déclenché la guerre la plus importante en Europe depuis la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Par l’ampleur des moyens employés et du soutien apporté à l’Ukraine par les forces occidentales, elle constitue un moment pivot pour l’histoire de l’Europe et peut-être du monde.Quelles leçons pouvons-nous en tirer aujourd’hui ? Comment cette guerre transforme-t-elle l’art militaire mais aussi nos sociétés ? En quoi l’ordre de sécurité européen et mondial s’en trouvera-t-il bouleversé ? Que nous enseigne-t-elle sur la dissuasion ? L’Ukraine est-elle un laboratoire pour Taïwan ?Toutes ces questions et bien d’autres sont abordées ici par François Heisbourg, qui joint à son expertise internationale une connaissance inégalée du terrain et des différents acteurs, qu’il a personnellement rencontrés et dont il nous dresse un portrait souvent inattendu.

BPB2303 --- sécurité internationale --- guerre --- dissuasion --- Russie --- Ukraine --- cogadh --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- Ukraina --- Ukrajna --- l-Ukraina --- Украйна --- die Ukraine --- Ucrânia --- An Úcráin --- Украина --- Ucraina --- Ουκρανία --- Украјина --- Ukrajina --- Ucrania --- Oekraïne --- Republiek Oekraïne --- República da Ucrânia --- Република Украина --- Δημοκρατία της Ουκρανίας --- Rusland --- Ryssland --- Rusko --- An Rúis --- Русија --- ir-Russja --- Rusija --- Venäjä --- Ρωσία --- Rusia --- Oroszország --- die Russische Föderation --- Venemaa --- Русия --- Krievija --- Rússia --- Rosja --- Russia --- Russische Föderation --- Venäjän federaatio --- Federata Ruse --- Ruská federace --- Fédération de Russie --- Federacja Rosyjska --- Ruská federácia --- Krievijas Federācija --- Venemaa Föderatsioon --- Russische Federatie --- Russian Federation --- il-Federazzjoni Russa --- Ruska federacija --- Den Russiske Føderation --- Federația Rusă --- Federação Russa --- Federazione russa --- RSFSR --- Ryska federationen --- Orosz Föderáció --- Руска Федерација --- Rußland --- Руска федерация --- Rusijos Federacija --- Federación de Rusia --- Russland --- pelote --- afschrikking --- odstraszanie --- Abschreckung --- dissuasão --- разубеждение --- αποτροπή --- preventīvs pasākums --- atgrasa --- hirmutusvahend --- deterrent --- zastrašujúci prostriedok --- iombhagairt --- elrettentés --- dissuasione --- disuasión --- politică de intimidare --- afskrækkelse --- pengues --- odvračanje --- zastrašování --- odvraćanje --- avskräckning --- одвраћање --- одвраќање --- afschrikkingsmacht --- atgrasos pajėgos --- pirmojo smūgio galia --- forza di dissuasione --- сила за одвраќање --- δυνάμεις αποτροπής --- сила за заплашување --- útočná síla --- força de dissuasão --- forza d'urto --- zastrašujúca sila --- стратешко одвраќање --- elrettentő erő --- fuerza de disuasión --- forță de descurajare --- deterrent force --- aftësi për goditje të parë --- force de frappe --- avskräckande kärnvapenstyrka --- first-strike capacity --- peloteaseet --- forcë penguese --- afskrækkelsesstyrke --- стратегија за одбрана --- force de dissuasion --- Abschreckungsmacht --- snage za odvraćanje --- ensi-iskukyky --- политика на заплашување --- útočná sila --- hoiatusjõud --- pirmā trieciena iespēja --- kernwapens --- slagstyrke --- deterrente strategico --- план за превенција --- prevencija --- preventīva darbība --- arma disuasoria nuclear --- preventīvais plāns --- anfallsstyrka --- hoiatusrelv --- Abschreckungspotenzial --- kärnvapenstyrka --- odstrašovací síla --- força de ataque --- politika zastrašování --- δυνάμεις κρούσης --- διεθνής ασφάλεια --- internationale Sicherheit --- international sikkerhed --- tarptautinis saugumas --- kansainvälinen turvallisuus --- international security --- меѓународна безбедност --- medzinárodná bezpečnosť --- siguri ndërkombëtare --- rahvusvaheline julgeolek --- internationell säkerhet --- segurança internacional --- международна сигурност --- starptautiskā drošība --- seguridad internacional --- sicurezza internazionale --- mednarodna varnost --- slándáil idirnáisiúnta --- bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe --- međunarodna sigurnost --- mezinárodní bezpečnost --- међународна безбедност --- internationale veiligheid --- nemzetközi biztonság --- securitate internațională --- sigurtà internazzjonali --- equilibrio internacional --- internationell jämvikt --- međunarodna ravnoteža --- světová rovnováha --- διεθνής ισορροπία --- ekuilibër ndërkombëtar --- medzinárodná rovnováha --- tarptautinė pusiausvyra --- меѓународна рамнотежа --- internationaal evenwicht --- equilíbrio internacional --- drošības intereses --- starptautiskais līdzsvars --- internationales Gleichgewicht --- nemzetközi egyensúly --- international balance --- Διάσκεψη του Ελσίνκι --- equilibrio internazionale --- rahvusvaheline tasakaal --- echilibru internațional --- équilibre international --- mezinárodní rovnováha --- Ukraine conflict, 2014 --- -Ukraine war, 2022 --- -European Union countries