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This book presents a new result in 3-dimensional topology. It is well known that any closed oriented 3-manifold can be obtained by surgery on a framed link in S 3. In Global Surgery Formula for the Casson-Walker Invariant, a function F of framed links in S 3 is described, and it is proven that F consistently defines an invariant, lamda (l), of closed oriented 3-manifolds. l is then expressed in terms of previously known invariants of 3-manifolds. For integral homology spheres, l is the invariant introduced by Casson in 1985, which allowed him to solve old and famous questions in 3-dimensional topology. l becomes simpler as the first Betti number increases. As an explicit function of Alexander polynomials and surgery coefficients of framed links, the function F extends in a natural way to framed links in rational homology spheres. It is proven that F describes the variation of l under any surgery starting from a rational homology sphere. Thus F yields a global surgery formula for the Casson invariant.

Chirurgie (Topologie) --- Drie-menigvuldigheden (Topologie) --- Heelkunde (Topologie) --- Surgery (Topology) --- Three-manifolds (Topology) --- Trois-variétés (Topologie) --- 3-manifolds (Topology) --- Manifolds, Three dimensional (Topology) --- Three-dimensional manifolds (Topology) --- Low-dimensional topology --- Topological manifolds --- Differential topology --- Homotopy equivalences --- Manifolds (Mathematics) --- Topology --- 515.16 --- 515.16 Topology of manifolds --- Topology of manifolds --- 3-manifold. --- Addition. --- Alexander polynomial. --- Ambient isotopy. --- Betti number. --- Casson invariant. --- Change of basis. --- Change of variables. --- Cobordism. --- Coefficient. --- Combination. --- Combinatorics. --- Computation. --- Conjugacy class. --- Connected component (graph theory). --- Connected space. --- Connected sum. --- Cup product. --- Determinant. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Disk (mathematics). --- Empty set. --- Exterior (topology). --- Fiber bundle. --- Fibration. --- Function (mathematics). --- Fundamental group. --- Homeomorphism. --- Homology (mathematics). --- Homology sphere. --- Homotopy sphere. --- Indeterminate (variable). --- Integer. --- Klein bottle. --- Knot theory. --- Manifold. --- Morphism. --- Notation. --- Orientability. --- Permutation. --- Polynomial. --- Prime number. --- Projective plane. --- Scientific notation. --- Seifert surface. --- Sequence. --- Summation. --- Symmetrization. --- Taylor series. --- Theorem. --- Topology. --- Tubular neighborhood. --- Unlink.

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This book offers a self-contained account of the 3-manifold invariants arising from the original Jones polynomial. These are the Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev and the Turaev-Viro invariants. Starting from the Kauffman bracket model for the Jones polynomial and the diagrammatic Temperley-Lieb algebra, higher-order polynomial invariants of links are constructed and combined to form the 3-manifold invariants. The methods in this book are based on a recoupling theory for the Temperley-Lieb algebra. This recoupling theory is a q-deformation of the SU(2) spin networks of Roger Penrose. The recoupling theory is developed in a purely combinatorial and elementary manner. Calculations are based on a reformulation of the Kirillov-Reshetikhin shadow world, leading to expressions for all the invariants in terms of state summations on 2-cell complexes. Extensive tables of the invariants are included. Manifolds in these tables are recognized by surgery presentations and by means of 3-gems (graph encoded 3-manifolds) in an approach pioneered by Sostenes Lins. The appendices include information about gems, examples of distinct manifolds with the same invariants, and applications to the Turaev-Viro invariant and to the Crane-Yetter invariant of 4-manifolds.

Drie-menigvuldigheden (Topologie) --- Knopentheorie --- Knot theory --- Noeuds [Theorie des ] --- Three-manifolds (Topology) --- Trois-variétés (Topologie) --- Knot theory. --- Algebraic topology --- Invariants --- Mathematics --- Invariants (Mathematics) --- Invariants. --- 3-manifolds (Topology) --- Manifolds, Three dimensional (Topology) --- Three-dimensional manifolds (Topology) --- Low-dimensional topology --- Topological manifolds --- Knots (Topology) --- 3-manifold. --- Addition. --- Algorithm. --- Ambient isotopy. --- Axiom. --- Backslash. --- Barycentric subdivision. --- Bijection. --- Bipartite graph. --- Borromean rings. --- Boundary parallel. --- Bracket polynomial. --- Calculation. --- Canonical form. --- Cartesian product. --- Cobordism. --- Coefficient. --- Combination. --- Commutator. --- Complex conjugate. --- Computation. --- Connected component (graph theory). --- Connected sum. --- Cubic graph. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Dimension. --- Disjoint sets. --- Disjoint union. --- Elaboration. --- Embedding. --- Equation. --- Equivalence class. --- Explicit formula. --- Explicit formulae (L-function). --- Factorial. --- Fundamental group. --- Graph (discrete mathematics). --- Graph embedding. --- Handlebody. --- Homeomorphism. --- Homology (mathematics). --- Identity element. --- Intersection form (4-manifold). --- Inverse function. --- Jones polynomial. --- Kirby calculus. --- Line segment. --- Linear independence. --- Matching (graph theory). --- Mathematical physics. --- Mathematical proof. --- Mathematics. --- Maxima and minima. --- Monograph. --- Natural number. --- Network theory. --- Notation. --- Numerical analysis. --- Orientability. --- Orthogonality. --- Pairing. --- Pairwise. --- Parametrization. --- Parity (mathematics). --- Partition function (mathematics). --- Permutation. --- Poincaré conjecture. --- Polyhedron. --- Quantum group. --- Quantum invariant. --- Recoupling. --- Recursion. --- Reidemeister move. --- Result. --- Roger Penrose. --- Root of unity. --- Scientific notation. --- Sequence. --- Significant figures. --- Simultaneous equations. --- Smoothing. --- Special case. --- Sphere. --- Spin network. --- Summation. --- Symmetric group. --- Tetrahedron. --- The Geometry Center. --- Theorem. --- Theory. --- Three-dimensional space (mathematics). --- Time complexity. --- Tubular neighborhood. --- Two-dimensional space. --- Vector field. --- Vector space. --- Vertex (graph theory). --- Winding number. --- Writhe.

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Surgery theory, the basis for the classification theory of manifolds, is now about forty years old. There have been some extraordinary accomplishments in that time, which have led to enormously varied interactions with algebra, analysis, and geometry. Workers in many of these areas have often lamented the lack of a single source that surveys surgery theory and its applications. Indeed, no one person could write such a survey. The sixtieth birthday of C. T. C. Wall, one of the leaders of the founding generation of surgery theory, provided an opportunity to rectify the situation and produce a comprehensive book on the subject. Experts have written state-of-the-art reports that will be of broad interest to all those interested in topology, not only graduate students and mathematicians, but mathematical physicists as well. Contributors include J. Milnor, S. Novikov, W. Browder, T. Lance, E. Brown, M. Kreck, J. Klein, M. Davis, J. Davis, I. Hambleton, L. Taylor, C. Stark, E. Pedersen, W. Mio, J. Levine, K. Orr, J. Roe, J. Milgram, and C. Thomas.

Chirurgie (Topologie) --- Heelkunde (Topologie) --- Surgery (Topology) --- Differential topology --- Homotopy equivalences --- Manifolds (Mathematics) --- Topology --- Algebraic topology (object). --- Algebraic topology. --- Ambient isotopy. --- Assembly map. --- Atiyah–Hirzebruch spectral sequence. --- Atiyah–Singer index theorem. --- Automorphism. --- Banach algebra. --- Borsuk–Ulam theorem. --- C*-algebra. --- CW complex. --- Calculation. --- Category of manifolds. --- Characterization (mathematics). --- Chern class. --- Cobordism. --- Codimension. --- Cohomology. --- Compactification (mathematics). --- Conjecture. --- Contact geometry. --- Degeneracy (mathematics). --- Diagram (category theory). --- Diffeomorphism. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Differential geometry. --- Dirac operator. --- Disk (mathematics). --- Donaldson theory. --- Duality (mathematics). --- Embedding. --- Epimorphism. --- Excision theorem. --- Exponential map (Riemannian geometry). --- Fiber bundle. --- Fibration. --- Fundamental group. --- Group action. --- Group homomorphism. --- H-cobordism. --- Handle decomposition. --- Handlebody. --- Homeomorphism group. --- Homeomorphism. --- Homology (mathematics). --- Homomorphism. --- Homotopy extension property. --- Homotopy fiber. --- Homotopy group. --- Homotopy. --- Hypersurface. --- Intersection form (4-manifold). --- Intersection homology. --- Isomorphism class. --- K3 surface. --- L-theory. --- Limit (category theory). --- Manifold. --- Mapping cone (homological algebra). --- Mapping cylinder. --- Mostow rigidity theorem. --- Orthonormal basis. --- Parallelizable manifold. --- Poincaré conjecture. --- Product metric. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Pushout (category theory). --- Quaternionic projective space. --- Quotient space (topology). --- Resolution of singularities. --- Ricci curvature. --- Riemann surface. --- Riemannian geometry. --- Riemannian manifold. --- Ring homomorphism. --- Scalar curvature. --- Semisimple algebra. --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Sign (mathematics). --- Special case. --- Sub"ient. --- Subgroup. --- Submanifold. --- Support (mathematics). --- Surgery exact sequence. --- Surgery obstruction. --- Surgery theory. --- Symplectic geometry. --- Symplectic vector space. --- Theorem. --- Topological conjugacy. --- Topological manifold. --- Topology. --- Transversality (mathematics). --- Transversality theorem. --- Vector bundle. --- Waldhausen category. --- Whitehead torsion. --- Whitney embedding theorem. --- Yamabe invariant.