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Food allergy --- Allergenicity

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Among the many molecules present in our environment, some have the property to induce allergic sensitization and IgE-mediated reactions. The analysis of known major animal allergens has shown that most belong to single protein families: lipocalins and serum albumins for inhalant allergens, EF-hand proteins, tropomyosins and caseins for the digestive allergens. The finding that allergens are often clustered in large families may be related to the fact that common structural, biochemical or functional features contribute to their allergenicity, in addition to external adjuvant factors. Currently, there is no curative treatment for animal allergy available. In order to lower allergic reactions to respiratory allergens in daily life and to food allergens upon accidental exposure, it is important to desensitize concerned patients. Tolerance induction by allergen-specific immunotherapy is in the current focus of an ambitious research. This Research Topic aims to provide a comprehensive view of the basic and recent insights on the allergenicity of animal allergens in view of their structural and functional aspects as well as allergen-specific immunotherapy.

Immunologic diseases. --- Allergens. --- Allergy and immunology. --- Allergens --- allergen exposure --- isoallergens --- immune response --- Immunotherapy --- biological function --- allergy --- cross-reactivity --- Allergenicity --- Animal allergen --- immunology. --- allergen exposure --- isoallergens --- immune response --- Immunotherapy --- biological function --- allergy --- cross-reactivity --- Allergenicity --- Animal allergen

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Celiac disease --- Gluten --- Biotechnology. --- Treatment. --- Allergenicity. --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Coeliac disease --- Diarrhea --- Digestive organs --- Malabsorption syndromes --- Diseases

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Among the many molecules present in our environment, some have the property to induce allergic sensitization and IgE-mediated reactions. The analysis of known major animal allergens has shown that most belong to single protein families: lipocalins and serum albumins for inhalant allergens, EF-hand proteins, tropomyosins and caseins for the digestive allergens. The finding that allergens are often clustered in large families may be related to the fact that common structural, biochemical or functional features contribute to their allergenicity, in addition to external adjuvant factors. Currently, there is no curative treatment for animal allergy available. In order to lower allergic reactions to respiratory allergens in daily life and to food allergens upon accidental exposure, it is important to desensitize concerned patients. Tolerance induction by allergen-specific immunotherapy is in the current focus of an ambitious research. This Research Topic aims to provide a comprehensive view of the basic and recent insights on the allergenicity of animal allergens in view of their structural and functional aspects as well as allergen-specific immunotherapy.

Immunologic diseases. --- Allergens. --- Allergy and immunology. --- Allergens --- immunology. --- allergen exposure --- isoallergens --- immune response --- Immunotherapy --- biological function --- allergy --- cross-reactivity --- Allergenicity --- Animal allergen

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The purpose of this Special Issue “Cow’s Milk and Allergy” is to provide an overview of the association of cow’s milk with allergy. This topic has two quite different faces. On the one hand, we are all aware of the importance of cow’s milk allergy in early life. What is less known is that the consumption of raw, unprocessed milk is associated with a lower incidence of asthma and rhinitis. This Special Issue takes a closer look at all of these aspects of cow’s milk and allergy and focus on the following questions:

animal models --- milk allergen --- allergenicity --- camel milk --- immune regulation --- epigenetics --- human breast milk --- milk processing --- CAP-FEIA (Fluorescence Enzyme Immunoassay) --- immune system --- raw milk --- multiplex dot test --- Middle-East --- alkaline phosphatase --- cow’s milk allergy --- polygenic risk score --- tolerance --- hydrolysate --- CML --- infant formula --- miRNA-150 --- milk --- allergy --- casein --- asthma --- partial hydrolysate --- Immunoglubuline E --- molecular diagnosis --- allergic march --- delayed-type hypersensitivity --- allergenicity modulation --- prebiotics --- processing --- sRAGE --- histone acetylation --- dietary intervention --- probiotics --- cow’s milk --- Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) --- cow’s milk protein allergy --- farming effect --- protection --- anaphylaxis --- aggregation --- IgE binding --- natural history --- epidemiology --- prevalence --- infant allergy --- basophil activation test (BAT) --- ?-lactoglobulin --- step-down --- sensitization pattern --- extracellular vesicles --- cell-mediated reactions --- proteomics --- prevention of cow’s milk allergy --- therapy --- raw cow’s milk --- baked milk --- immune cells --- food allergy --- gut microbiota --- allergic diseases --- glycation --- bioactive peptides --- infant feeding --- cow’s milk allergens --- treatment of cow’s milk allergy --- formula --- genome-wide association --- diagnosis of cow’s milk allergy