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In recent years, bioeconomy strategies have been implemented and adapted internationally. In the bioeconomy, materials are to a certain extent circular by nature. However, biomaterials may also be used in a rather linear way. Lately, a transition towards a circular economy, a more restorative and regenerative economic model, is being promoted worldwide. A circular economy offers an alternative model aiming at “doing more and better with less”. It is based on the idea that circulating matter and energy will diminish the need for new input. Its concept lies in maintaining the value of products, materials, and resources for as long as possible and at the same time minimizing or even eliminating the amount of waste produced. Focused on “closing the loops”, a circular economy is a practical solution for promoting entrepreneurial sustainability, economic growth, environmental resilience, and a better quality of life for all. The most efficient way to close resource loops is to find value in the waste. Different modes of resource circulation may be applied, e.g., raw materials, by-products, human resources, logistics, services, waste, energy, or water. To that end, this Special Issue seeks to contribute to the circular bioeconomy agenda through enhanced scientific and multidisciplinary knowledge to boost the performance efficiency of circular business models and support decision-making within the specific field. The Special Issue includes innovative technical developments, reviews, and case studies, all of which are relevant to green, closed-loop, circular bioeconomy.

Economic history --- bioeconomy --- survey --- strategies --- research program --- biogas --- lignocellulose --- microalgae --- agricultural sustainability --- sustainability assessment --- review --- ammonia loss --- land application --- manure management --- irrigation --- biofuels --- spatial difference-in-difference --- corn markets --- climate change adaptation --- transformative adaptation --- limits to adaptation --- adaptation barrier --- fuzzy cognitive maps --- resilience --- sustainability --- vulnerability --- Sundarbans --- circular economy --- sustainable socio-economic development --- quality of life --- poverty alleviation --- participatory modelling --- ordered weighted averaging --- aggregation --- reflectance spectroscopy --- soil spectral libraries --- VNIR-SWIR --- soil organic matter --- carbon sequestration --- forestry --- wood --- non-wood forest products --- developing world --- rural electrification --- Sub-Saharan Africa --- energy --- agriculture --- machine learning --- artificial neural networks --- natural gas --- demand forecasting --- indicators --- investments' sustainability --- multi-criteria analysis --- decision support --- ELECTRE III --- coronavirus --- occupational health and safety --- food security --- control measures --- systemic design --- rice --- wine --- value chains --- by-products --- bioeconomy --- survey --- strategies --- research program --- biogas --- lignocellulose --- microalgae --- agricultural sustainability --- sustainability assessment --- review --- ammonia loss --- land application --- manure management --- irrigation --- biofuels --- spatial difference-in-difference --- corn markets --- climate change adaptation --- transformative adaptation --- limits to adaptation --- adaptation barrier --- fuzzy cognitive maps --- resilience --- sustainability --- vulnerability --- Sundarbans --- circular economy --- sustainable socio-economic development --- quality of life --- poverty alleviation --- participatory modelling --- ordered weighted averaging --- aggregation --- reflectance spectroscopy --- soil spectral libraries --- VNIR-SWIR --- soil organic matter --- carbon sequestration --- forestry --- wood --- non-wood forest products --- developing world --- rural electrification --- Sub-Saharan Africa --- energy --- agriculture --- machine learning --- artificial neural networks --- natural gas --- demand forecasting --- indicators --- investments' sustainability --- multi-criteria analysis --- decision support --- ELECTRE III --- coronavirus --- occupational health and safety --- food security --- control measures --- systemic design --- rice --- wine --- value chains --- by-products

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Sustainability is a fairly old concept, born in the 18th century in the field of forestry, within a mono-functionality perspective. The concept has considerably evolved in the last few years towards a multi-functionality context, with applications reported in practically all areas of economic interest. On the other hand, modern sustainability is a complex problem, for two reasons: a) The multiplicity of functions of a very different nature involved in the process and b) The manner in which different segments of the society or stakeholders perceive the relative importance of these functions. For the above reasons, a realistic approach for dealing with the sustainability issue requires taking into consideration multiple criteria of different nature (economic, environmental and social), and in many cases within a participatory decision making framework. This book presents a collection of papers, dealing with different theoretical and applied issues of sustainability, with the help of a modern multi-criteria decision-making theory, with a single as well as several stakeholders involved in the decision-making process. Hopefully, this material will encourage academics and practitioners to alter their research in this hot and vital topic. After all, the sustainable management of the environment and its embedded resources is one of the most important, if not the major challenge of the 21st century.

Economics, finance, business & management --- goal programming --- interactive methods --- forest planning --- Green-Tree Retention --- climate and energy policy --- transformation pathways --- low carbon technologies --- decision support --- multi-criteria analysis --- fuzzy PROMETHEE --- supplier evaluation --- supplier segmentation --- multi-attribute utility theory --- preference ranking organisation method for enrichment evaluation --- quality indicator --- food safety --- fresh food --- sustainable supply chain --- multicriteria --- circular economy --- composite indicators --- sustainability --- TOPSIS --- Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) --- carbon neutral --- ISO 14001 --- economic-strategic --- environmental sustainability --- Costa Rica --- criteria --- food and biodegradable waste --- analytic hierarchy process --- benefit–cost analysis --- multi-criteria decision analysis --- waste disposal technology --- anaerobic digestion --- weak sustainability --- strong sustainability --- NAIADE --- rural land use planning --- forestry --- agricultural sustainability --- environmental performance --- sustainability indices --- best-worst method --- irrigated olive groves --- Spain --- CoCoSo method --- Shannon Entropy method --- “Agenda 2030” --- sustainable development goals --- EU countries --- achievement --- assessment --- wind energy --- multi-objective optimization --- weighted goal programming --- progressive bounded constraint --- n/a --- benefit-cost analysis --- "Agenda 2030"

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Agricultural diversification can occur in many forms (e.g., genetic variety, species, structural) and can be created temporally and over different spatially scales (e.g., within crop, within field, and landscape level). Crop diversification is the practice of growing more than one crop species within a farming area in the form of rotations (two or more crops on the same field in different years), multiple crops (more than one crop in the same season on the same field) or intercropping (at least two crops simultaneously on the same field).Various cropping strategies and management practices, such as diversification of cropping systems by crop rotation, conservation tillage, and the use of cover crops, have been promoted to enhance crop productivity and ecosystem services. However, the opportunities and means differ among regions and the actual effects of diversification on cropping system sustainability still need more investigation.This Special Issue covers the state-of-the-art and recent progress in different aspects related to agricultural diversification to increase the sustainability and resilience of a wide range of cropping systems (grassland, horticultural crops, fruit trees) and in a scenario of environmental challenges due to climate change: Crop production and quality; Impact of crop diversification on soil quality and biodiversity; Environmental impact and delivery of ecosystem services by crop diversification.

Research. --- Environmental economics. --- blue prawn --- black tiger shrimp --- economic efficiency --- farming systems --- salinity intrusion --- soil salinity --- white-legged shrimp --- big blue stem --- Cave in rock --- claypan --- forbs --- legumes --- intercropping --- cropping systems --- Sub-Saharan Africa --- millet and sorghum --- diversification --- monocultivar --- mixed-species plantation --- biodiversity --- arthropod --- soil --- on-farm biodiversity indicators --- lupin --- triticale --- weeds --- nitrogen --- convolutional neural network --- light competition --- transfer learning --- growth stages --- mixed cropping --- accumulate growing degree days --- phyllochron --- grass regrowth --- leaf sheaths --- blades --- agricultural sustainability --- crop rotation --- rice --- eco-economic benefit --- externality --- perennial cropping systems --- grape production --- medicinal and aromatic plants --- grapevine yield --- must quality --- experimental design --- aboveground mass --- black medick --- Egyptian clover --- grain yield --- nutrients --- white clover --- foodshed --- archipelago --- city region --- food modelling --- food self-sufficiency --- self-reliance --- food security --- agricultural diversification --- food planning --- regional food system --- crop diversification --- small farms --- HHI-Index --- Poland --- biochar --- sunflower husk --- soil respiration --- soybean --- n/a

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In recent years, bioeconomy strategies have been implemented and adapted internationally. In the bioeconomy, materials are to a certain extent circular by nature. However, biomaterials may also be used in a rather linear way. Lately, a transition towards a circular economy, a more restorative and regenerative economic model, is being promoted worldwide. A circular economy offers an alternative model aiming at “doing more and better with less”. It is based on the idea that circulating matter and energy will diminish the need for new input. Its concept lies in maintaining the value of products, materials, and resources for as long as possible and at the same time minimizing or even eliminating the amount of waste produced. Focused on “closing the loops”, a circular economy is a practical solution for promoting entrepreneurial sustainability, economic growth, environmental resilience, and a better quality of life for all. The most efficient way to close resource loops is to find value in the waste. Different modes of resource circulation may be applied, e.g., raw materials, by-products, human resources, logistics, services, waste, energy, or water. To that end, this Special Issue seeks to contribute to the circular bioeconomy agenda through enhanced scientific and multidisciplinary knowledge to boost the performance efficiency of circular business models and support decision-making within the specific field. The Special Issue includes innovative technical developments, reviews, and case studies, all of which are relevant to green, closed-loop, circular bioeconomy.

bioeconomy --- survey --- strategies --- research program --- biogas --- lignocellulose --- microalgae --- agricultural sustainability --- sustainability assessment --- review --- ammonia loss --- land application --- manure management --- irrigation --- biofuels --- spatial difference-in-difference --- corn markets --- climate change adaptation --- transformative adaptation --- limits to adaptation --- adaptation barrier --- fuzzy cognitive maps --- resilience --- sustainability --- vulnerability --- Sundarbans --- circular economy --- sustainable socio-economic development --- quality of life --- poverty alleviation --- participatory modelling --- ordered weighted averaging --- aggregation --- reflectance spectroscopy --- soil spectral libraries --- VNIR-SWIR --- soil organic matter --- carbon sequestration --- forestry --- wood --- non-wood forest products --- developing world --- rural electrification --- Sub-Saharan Africa --- energy --- agriculture --- machine learning --- artificial neural networks --- natural gas --- demand forecasting --- indicators --- investments’ sustainability --- multi-criteria analysis --- decision support --- ELECTRE III --- coronavirus --- occupational health and safety --- food security --- control measures --- systemic design --- rice --- wine --- value chains --- by-products --- n/a --- investments' sustainability

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Agricultural diversification can occur in many forms (e.g., genetic variety, species, structural) and can be created temporally and over different spatially scales (e.g., within crop, within field, and landscape level). Crop diversification is the practice of growing more than one crop species within a farming area in the form of rotations (two or more crops on the same field in different years), multiple crops (more than one crop in the same season on the same field) or intercropping (at least two crops simultaneously on the same field).Various cropping strategies and management practices, such as diversification of cropping systems by crop rotation, conservation tillage, and the use of cover crops, have been promoted to enhance crop productivity and ecosystem services. However, the opportunities and means differ among regions and the actual effects of diversification on cropping system sustainability still need more investigation.This Special Issue covers the state-of-the-art and recent progress in different aspects related to agricultural diversification to increase the sustainability and resilience of a wide range of cropping systems (grassland, horticultural crops, fruit trees) and in a scenario of environmental challenges due to climate change: Crop production and quality; Impact of crop diversification on soil quality and biodiversity; Environmental impact and delivery of ecosystem services by crop diversification.

Research. --- Environmental economics. --- blue prawn --- black tiger shrimp --- economic efficiency --- farming systems --- salinity intrusion --- soil salinity --- white-legged shrimp --- big blue stem --- Cave in rock --- claypan --- forbs --- legumes --- intercropping --- cropping systems --- Sub-Saharan Africa --- millet and sorghum --- diversification --- monocultivar --- mixed-species plantation --- biodiversity --- arthropod --- soil --- on-farm biodiversity indicators --- lupin --- triticale --- weeds --- nitrogen --- convolutional neural network --- light competition --- transfer learning --- growth stages --- mixed cropping --- accumulate growing degree days --- phyllochron --- grass regrowth --- leaf sheaths --- blades --- agricultural sustainability --- crop rotation --- rice --- eco-economic benefit --- externality --- perennial cropping systems --- grape production --- medicinal and aromatic plants --- grapevine yield --- must quality --- experimental design --- aboveground mass --- black medick --- Egyptian clover --- grain yield --- nutrients --- white clover --- foodshed --- archipelago --- city region --- food modelling --- food self-sufficiency --- self-reliance --- food security --- agricultural diversification --- food planning --- regional food system --- crop diversification --- small farms --- HHI-Index --- Poland --- biochar --- sunflower husk --- soil respiration --- soybean --- blue prawn --- black tiger shrimp --- economic efficiency --- farming systems --- salinity intrusion --- soil salinity --- white-legged shrimp --- big blue stem --- Cave in rock --- claypan --- forbs --- legumes --- intercropping --- cropping systems --- Sub-Saharan Africa --- millet and sorghum --- diversification --- monocultivar --- mixed-species plantation --- biodiversity --- arthropod --- soil --- on-farm biodiversity indicators --- lupin --- triticale --- weeds --- nitrogen --- convolutional neural network --- light competition --- transfer learning --- growth stages --- mixed cropping --- accumulate growing degree days --- phyllochron --- grass regrowth --- leaf sheaths --- blades --- agricultural sustainability --- crop rotation --- rice --- eco-economic benefit --- externality --- perennial cropping systems --- grape production --- medicinal and aromatic plants --- grapevine yield --- must quality --- experimental design --- aboveground mass --- black medick --- Egyptian clover --- grain yield --- nutrients --- white clover --- foodshed --- archipelago --- city region --- food modelling --- food self-sufficiency --- self-reliance --- food security --- agricultural diversification --- food planning --- regional food system --- crop diversification --- small farms --- HHI-Index --- Poland --- biochar --- sunflower husk --- soil respiration --- soybean