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Agricultural Protection Society --- Corn laws (Great Britain) --- Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- Great Britain

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Agricultural Protection Society --- Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- Great Britain --- Protectionism -- Great Britain --- Corn laws (Great Britain)

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Mass media play a crucial role in information distribution and in the political market and public policy making. Theory predicts that information provided by the mass media reflects the media's incentives to provide news to different groups in society and affects these groups' influence in policy making. The paper use data on agricultural policy from 69 countries spanning a wide range of development stages and media markets to test these predictions. The empirical results are consistent with theoretical hypotheses that public support for agriculture is affected by the mass media. In particular, an increase in media (television) diffusion is associated with policies that benefit the majority to a greater extent and is correlated with a reduction in agriculture taxation in poor countries and a reduction in the subsidization of agriculture in rich countries, ceteris paribus. The empirical results are consistent with the hypothesis that increased competition in commercial media reduces transfers to special interest groups and contributes to more efficient public policies.

Agricultural Protection --- Economic Theory & Research --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Information --- Labor Policies --- Language & Communication --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Mass Media --- Political Economy --- Population Policies --- Public Sector Corruption & Anticorruption Measures

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May 1999 - In the new round of World Trade Organization talks expected in late 1999, negotiations about access to agricultural and services markets should be given top priority, but new trade agenda issues should also be discussed. Including new trade agenda issues would increase market discipline's role in the allocation of resources in agriculture and would encourage nonagricultural groups with interests in the new issues to take part in the round, counterbalancing forces favoring agricultural protection. A new round of World Trade Organization negotiations on agriculture, services, and perhaps other issues is expected in late 1999. To what extent should those negotiations include new trade agenda items aimed at ensuring that domestic regulatory policies do not discriminate against foreign suppliers? Hoekman and Anderson argue that negotiations about market access should be given priority, as the potential welfare gains from liberalizing access to agricultural (and services) markets are still huge, but new issues should be included too. Including new trade agenda issues would increase the role of market discipline in the allocation of resources in agriculture and would encourage nonagricultural groups with interests in the new issues to take part in the round, counterbalancing forces in favor of agricultural protection. They also argue, however, that rule-making efforts to accommodate the new issues should be de-linked from negotiations about access to agricultural markets, because the issues affect activity in all sectors. This paper-a product of the Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze options and priorities for developing countries in the run-up to a new round of WTO negotiations. Bernard Hoekman may be contacted at bhoekman@worldbank.org or kanderson@economics.adelaide.edu.au.

Agribusiness --- Agricultural Production --- Agricultural Protection --- Agriculture --- Competition --- Debt Markets --- Economic Development --- Economic Theory and Research --- Economics --- Emerging Markets --- Environment --- Environmental --- Environmental Economics and Policies --- Environmental Regulations --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Free Trade --- Income --- International Economics & Trade --- Investment --- Labor Policies --- Law and Development --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Markets --- Policies --- Private Sector Development --- Public Sector Development --- Quotas --- Resources --- Rural Communities --- Social Protections and Labor --- Standards --- Subsidies --- Tariffs --- Taxation --- Trade --- Trade Law --- Trade Policy --- Welfare Gains --- World Trade Organization