Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Agricultural innovation has played a critical role in the economic transformation of developing East Asian countries over the past half century. The Green Revolution-in the form of modern seed varieties, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and modern machinery-has contributed to increased crop yields and farm incomes, and decreased poverty across the region. Although policy makers' traditional focus on expanding and intensifying agricultural production has brought many benefits, the focus on productivity has come at a rising cost. The environmental sustainability of agricultural production is increasingly under threat. Moreover, as countries in the region have become more urbanized and demand for processed foods has risen, inadequate food safety systems and related food safety hazards have created a new form of food insecurity. As detailed in Agricultural Innovation in Developing East Asia: Productivity, Safety, and Sustainability, a new generation of innovation in agriculture has the potential to address the challenges of productivity, sustainability, and food safety to deliver a "triple win." To make the most of this promising wave of agricultural innovations, policy makers in the region will need to act to strengthen countries' agricultural innovation systems. This effort will require a cross-cutting approach, including policy and institutional reforms, improved governance of countries' agri-food systems, and efforts to build farmers' and firms' capacities to adopt new technologies and to innovate.

Agricultural Extension Services --- Agricultural innovation --- Agricultural Innovation Systems --- Agro-Food Systems --- AIS --- Farmers --- Food Safety --- Innovation Policy --- Nutrition --- Productivity --- Science, Technology, and Innovation --- Skills for Innovation --- STI --- Sustainability

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The report seeks to analyze what has been learned about how agricultural interventions influence nutrition outcomes in low-and middle-income countries, focusing on the target populations of the millennium development goals-people living on less than a dollar a day. It also sets out to synthesize lessons from past efforts to improve the synergies between agriculture and nutrition outcomes. The report identifies a number of developments in agriculture and nutrition that have transformed the context in which nutrition is affected by agriculture. The relationship between agriculture and human nutrition is far more complex than the relationship between food production and food consumption or the economic relationship between food supply and food demand. Expanding agriculture's purview and capacity to embrace those contributing factors and determinants of nutrition that are traditionally the province of other disciplines or improving agriculture's interface with other, nonagricultural sectors, suggest themselves as possible ways forward. The limitations of production-focused agricultural programs and interventions in delivering improved nutrition impacts have been recognized by some in the agricultural community for decades. In the early 1980s a number of international development agencies undertook programs that sought to orient agricultural production to nutrition-related objectives, and over time a substantial body of literature developed around the analysis of the programs' results.

Agricultural Extension Services --- Agricultural Policy --- Agricultural Productivity --- Agricultural Sector Economics --- Agriculture --- Agriculture & Farming Systems --- Anemia --- Cash Crops --- Child Health --- Drainage --- Food & Beverage Industry --- Food Consumption --- Food Processing --- Food Production --- Food Safety --- Food Security --- Gender --- Grains --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Human Capital --- Industry --- International Food Policy Research Institute --- Irrigation --- Land Tenure --- Livestock --- Maize --- Malnutrition --- Maternal Health --- Meat --- Minerals --- Nutrition --- Nutrition Programs --- Obesity --- Poverty Reduction --- Private Sector --- Rice --- Rural Development --- Rural Poverty Reduction --- Sanitation --- Social Capital --- Staple Foods --- Weeds

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Migration is transforming rural economies, landscapes, and potentially, gender relations. Migration is one of the drivers of the so-called feminization of agriculture in Latin America. This feminization has relevance for everyone given agriculture's role in regional food security, national shared prosperity, and household resilience to shocks. The objective of this study is to investigate the feminization of agriculture as well as its implications for women's agency, household welfare, and agricultural productivity. This report provides some introduction to women in agriculture, lays out the study methodology, and provides background information on migration, women, and agriculture in Guatemala. Women's role in agriculture is even more crucial in Guatemala, which suffers from the double burden of chronic malnutrition and obesity. This analysis seeks to investigate the impact of male migration on agriculture, but also its implications for women's agency and agricultural productivity, as mediated by factors such as land tenure and access to agricultural extension services. This analysis seeks to better understand how male out-migration is influencing women's agency in agriculture; to understand if, when women are in control of their farms, it changes the types of decisions they make and thus the results that they obtain; and finally, to get a better sense of how these differences in agency (if any) lead to better or worse livelihood outcomes for the farm household. This study is based on a quantitative field survey conducted in August 2014, as well as qualitative focus groups and interviews conducted in May 2014 to test the questionnaire.

Agricultural --- Agricultural Extension Services --- Agricultural Knowledge & Information Systems --- Agriculture --- Autonomy --- Beef --- Communities --- Crops --- Economic Development --- Economics --- Equality --- Family --- Food Security --- Gender --- Gender and Rural Development --- Health --- History --- Human Migrations & Resettlements --- International Food Policy Research Institute --- Knowledge --- Land --- Land Tenure --- Literacy --- Management --- Meat --- Migration --- Nutrition --- Poverty Reduction --- Property Rights --- Rural Development --- Rural Policies and Institutions --- Rural Services and Infrastructure --- Social Dev/Gender/Inclusion --- Women --- World Food Programme

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This report responds to a request from the Government of Timor-Leste (GoTL) and Dr. Mari Alkatiri. The request was for World Bank assistance to collaborate on a range of studies relating to opportunities in the special economic zone, including community development, trade and competitiveness, and regional integration. The analysis builds on a situation analysis prepared by the Zona Especial de Economia Social de Mercado (ZEESM) authority in March 2014. The transfer of significant responsibility for Oecusse's development to the ZEESM authority, reflects a political rapprochement and collaboration between Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao and Dr. Alkatiri. The report is in two volumes. Volume one presents an overview of Oecusse's current state in chapter one with analysis of living standards, economic activity including trade, and current constraints. Chapter two analyzes Oecusse's phased economic potential through a range of phase one development interventions focusing on agriculture, and considers the pre-requisites for developing an SEZ in Oecusse. Volume two contains more comprehensive background chapters with full analysis of living standards in chapter three, agriculture in chapter four, transport corridor in chapter five, and migration in chapter six.

Agricultural --- Agricultural Extension Services --- Agriculture --- Airports --- Competitiveness and Competition Policy --- Crops --- Crops & Crop Management Systems --- Decentralization --- Economics --- Export Competitiveness --- Export Development and Competitiveness --- Family --- Financial and Private Sector Development --- Food Production --- Funding --- Gender --- Grants --- Health --- History --- Housing --- Hunger --- Infrastructure --- Infrastructure Services For Private Sector Development --- International Migration --- Knowledge --- Land --- Livestock --- Management --- Marketing --- Mobility --- Nutrition --- Plants --- Private Sector --- Private Sector Development --- Regional Integration --- Roads --- Rural Development --- Rural Services and Infrastructure --- Sanitation --- Trade and Integration --- Trade Facilitation and Market Access --- Transparency --- Transport --- Transport Costs --- Vehicles --- Weeds --- Women