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This open access book presents a ground-breaking approach to developing micro-foundations for demography and migration studies. It offers a unique and novel methodology for creating empirically grounded agent-based models of international migration – one of the most uncertain population processes and a top-priority policy area. The book discusses in detail the process of building a simulation model of migration, based on a population of intelligent, cognitive agents, their networks and institutions, all interacting with one another. The proposed model-based approach integrates behavioural and social theory with formal modelling, by embedding the interdisciplinary modelling process within a wider inductive framework based on the Bayesian statistical reasoning. Principles of uncertainty quantification are used to devise innovative computer-based simulations, and to learn about modelling the simulated individuals and the way they make decisions. The identified knowledge gaps are subsequently filled with information from dedicated laboratory experiments on cognitive aspects of human decision-making under uncertainty. In this way, the models are built iteratively, from the bottom up, filling an important epistemological gap in migration studies, and social sciences more broadly.

Demography. --- Population. --- Social sciences—Statistical methods. --- Emigration and immigration. --- Population and Demography. --- Statistics in Social Sciences, Humanities, Law, Education, Behavorial Sciences, Public Policy. --- Human Migration. --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- Human population --- Human populations --- Population growth --- Populations, Human --- Economics --- Human ecology --- Sociology --- Demography --- Malthusianism --- Historical demography --- Social sciences --- Population --- Vital statistics --- Open access --- Agent-based modelling --- Bayesian demography --- Migration modelling --- Model-based approaches --- Uncertainty quantification --- Forced migration --- Computational experiments --- Model calibration and sensitivity --- Free access --- Statistical methods.

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The Paris Agreement establishes a process to combine Nationally Determined Contributions with the long-term goal of limiting global warming to well below 2 °C or even to 1.5 °C. Responding to this challenge, EU and non-EU countries are preparing national and regional low-emission strategies outlining clean energy-transition pathways. The aim of this book is to provide rigorous quantitative assessment of the challenges, impacts and opportunities induced by ambitious low-emission pathways. It aims to explore how deep emission reductions can be achieved in all energy supply and demand sectors, exploring the interplay between mitigation options, including energy efficiency, renewable energy uptake and electrification, for decarbonising inflexible end-uses such as mobility and heating. The high expansion of renewable energy poses high technical and economic challenges regarding system configuration and market organisation, requiring the development of new options such as batteries, prosumers, grid expansion, chemical storage through power-to-X and new tariff setting methods. The uptake of disruptive mitigation options (hydrogen, CCUS, clean e-fuels) as well as carbon dioxide removal (BECCS, direct air capture, etc.) may also be required in the case of net-zero emission targets, but raises market, regulatory and financial challenges. This book assesses low-emission strategies at the national and global level and their implications for energy-system development, technology uptake, energy-system costs and the socioeconomic and industrial impacts of low-emission transitions.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- GEM-E3-FIT --- low-carbon R&amp --- D --- innovation-induced growth --- endogenous technology progress --- unilateral climate policy --- carbon leakage --- industrial relocation --- border carbon adjustment --- electric vehicles --- electricity recharging infrastructure --- business models --- equilibrium programming --- Greek EV mobility 2030 --- private investments in infrastructure --- combined gas-steam cycles --- efficiency --- heat exchange in Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSG) --- economic analysis --- cost management --- managerial decisions --- fortune 500 --- carbon disclosure --- financial performance --- COVID-19 --- economic recovery --- stimulus packages --- climate scenarios --- integrated assessment modelling --- integrated energy system --- scheduling --- energy trade --- smart contract --- BECCS --- CCS --- biomass --- climate neutrality --- greenhouse gas --- emission --- abatement cost --- EU climate/energy policy --- Fit for 55 --- European Union --- Green Deal --- burden sharing --- effort sharing regulation --- emissions trading system --- energy system analysis --- TIMES PanEU --- NEWAGE --- agent-based modelling --- low carbon electricity system --- investment decisions --- heterogeneous agents --- value factor of wind --- n/a

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The Paris Agreement establishes a process to combine Nationally Determined Contributions with the long-term goal of limiting global warming to well below 2 °C or even to 1.5 °C. Responding to this challenge, EU and non-EU countries are preparing national and regional low-emission strategies outlining clean energy-transition pathways. The aim of this book is to provide rigorous quantitative assessment of the challenges, impacts and opportunities induced by ambitious low-emission pathways. It aims to explore how deep emission reductions can be achieved in all energy supply and demand sectors, exploring the interplay between mitigation options, including energy efficiency, renewable energy uptake and electrification, for decarbonising inflexible end-uses such as mobility and heating. The high expansion of renewable energy poses high technical and economic challenges regarding system configuration and market organisation, requiring the development of new options such as batteries, prosumers, grid expansion, chemical storage through power-to-X and new tariff setting methods. The uptake of disruptive mitigation options (hydrogen, CCUS, clean e-fuels) as well as carbon dioxide removal (BECCS, direct air capture, etc.) may also be required in the case of net-zero emission targets, but raises market, regulatory and financial challenges. This book assesses low-emission strategies at the national and global level and their implications for energy-system development, technology uptake, energy-system costs and the socioeconomic and industrial impacts of low-emission transitions.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- GEM-E3-FIT --- low-carbon R&amp --- D --- innovation-induced growth --- endogenous technology progress --- unilateral climate policy --- carbon leakage --- industrial relocation --- border carbon adjustment --- electric vehicles --- electricity recharging infrastructure --- business models --- equilibrium programming --- Greek EV mobility 2030 --- private investments in infrastructure --- combined gas-steam cycles --- efficiency --- heat exchange in Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSG) --- economic analysis --- cost management --- managerial decisions --- fortune 500 --- carbon disclosure --- financial performance --- COVID-19 --- economic recovery --- stimulus packages --- climate scenarios --- integrated assessment modelling --- integrated energy system --- scheduling --- energy trade --- smart contract --- BECCS --- CCS --- biomass --- climate neutrality --- greenhouse gas --- emission --- abatement cost --- EU climate/energy policy --- Fit for 55 --- European Union --- Green Deal --- burden sharing --- effort sharing regulation --- emissions trading system --- energy system analysis --- TIMES PanEU --- NEWAGE --- agent-based modelling --- low carbon electricity system --- investment decisions --- heterogeneous agents --- value factor of wind

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Energy markets are already undergoing considerable transitions to accommodate new (renewable) energy forms, new (decentral) energy players, and new system requirements, e.g. flexibility and resilience. Traditional energy markets for fossil fuels are therefore under pressure, while not-yet-mature (renewable) energy markets are emerging. As a consequence, investments in large-scale and capital intensive (traditional) energy production projects are surrounded by high uncertainty, and are difficult to hedge by private entities. Traditional energy production companies are transforming into energy service suppliers and companies aggregating numerous potential market players are emerging, while regulation and system management are playing an increasing role. To address these increasing uncertainties and complexities, economic analysis, forecasting, modeling and investment assessment require fresh approaches and views. Novel research is thus required to simulate multiple actor interplays and idiosyncratic behavior. The required approaches cannot deal only with energy supply, but need to include active demand and cover systemic aspects. Energy market transitions challenge policy-making. Market coordination failure, the removal of barriers hindering restructuring and the combination of market signals with command-and-control policy measures are some of the new aims of policies.The aim of this Special Issue is to collect research papers that address the above issues using novel methods from any adequate perspective, including economic analysis, modeling of systems, behavioral forecasting, and policy assessment.The issue will include, but is not be limited to: Local control schemes and algorithms for distributed generation systems; Centralized and decentralized sustainable energy management strategies; Communication architectures, protocols and properties of practical applications; Topologies of distributed generation systems improving flexibility, efficiency and power quality; Practical issues in the control design and implementation of distributed generation systems; Energy transition studies for optimized pathway options aiming for high levels of sustainability

Demand Response --- Energiewende --- energy system modeling --- market value --- interconnector capacities --- energy sector integration --- sector-coupling --- aviation --- renewables --- net metering --- 100% RE pathways --- variable renewable energy sources --- energy transformation --- renewable energy --- blackout prevention --- vehicle-to-grid --- energy market --- energy storage --- road --- electric vehicle --- electrostatic-driven inertia --- RE integration --- carbon dioxide reduction --- Orkney --- energy system optimisation --- transport sector --- island energy system transition --- pumped hydro storage --- storage solutions --- climate policies --- rail --- power-to-gas --- electricity market modeling --- greenhouse gas emissions --- renewable transition --- community --- India --- delayed grid expansion --- wind power --- blockchain --- smart grid technologies --- Åland --- Germany --- solar energy --- renewable integration --- energy system modelling --- Solid State Transformer --- decarbonization --- immunity --- system-friendly renewables --- marine --- transportation demand --- numeric modelling --- microgeneration --- flexibility --- prosumer --- microgrid --- maritime transportation --- European electricity system --- Samsø --- resilience --- smart energy system --- microgrid by design --- global energy system model (GENeSYS-MOD) --- electricity markets --- energy community --- sector coupling --- final energy demand --- energy transition --- energy policy --- electrification --- agent-based modelling --- levelized cost of mobility --- dynamic positioning --- gamification --- ship’s electrical power system --- regulation --- Madeira --- GENeSYS-MOD --- open energy modelling --- Mexico --- 100% renewable energy

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Local communities are increasingly taking on active roles and emerging as new actors in energy systems. Community energy and energy storage may enable effective energy system integration and ensure maximum benefits of local generation, leading to more flexible and resilient energy supply systems and playing an important role in achieving renewable energy and climate policy objectives. In this book, we summarize the different topics covered in the international conference on new pathways for community energy and storage in the form of the 14 articles published in this Special Issue on the same topic. It addresses important developments and challenges related to local energy transitions and the role of community energy and energy storage therein.

Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- energy transition --- local renewable energy cooperatives --- governance roles --- citizen participation --- mixed methods --- energy justice --- acceptance of wind energy --- modes of participation --- modes of distribution of benefits --- cooperative development --- battery storage technologies --- energy practices --- public participation --- householders --- socio-technical transitions --- Renewable energy communities --- renewable energy directive --- prosumership --- decentralised energy production --- energy clusters --- European Union --- consumer (co-)ownership. --- renewable energy prosumer --- collective prosumer --- energy union --- community energy --- polycentricity --- local energy initiatives --- smart grid --- legal innovation --- socio-technical innovation --- bottom-up --- collective action --- social innovation --- mobilization model --- energy communities --- energy collectives --- smart energy system --- renewable energy system --- sector integration --- consumer ownership --- local ownership --- prosumer --- organisational innovation --- renewable energy community --- vulnerable consumer --- consumer empowerment --- Clean Energy Package --- electricity storage system --- business model test --- agent-based modeling --- exploratory modeling analysis --- renewable energy --- energy cooperatives --- energy community --- thermal energy systems --- agent-based modelling and simulation --- formation and continuation --- critical factors --- community energy storage --- responsible innovation --- energy system integration --- energy storage --- community storage --- battery storage --- consumer --- user --- acceptance --- energy services --- n/a