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African American soldiers --- African American military personnel --- Afro-American soldiers --- Negro soldiers --- Negroes as soldiers --- Soldiers, African American --- Soldiers --- United States. --- United States --- Confederate States of America --- History --- Participation, African American. --- Regimental histories. --- Social aspects. --- Regimental histories

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The Civil War stands vivid in the collective memory of the American public. There has always been a profound interest in the subject, and specifically the participation of black Americans in and reactions to the war and the war's outcome. Almost 200,000 African-American soldiers fought for the Union in the Civil War. Although most were illiterate ex-slaves, several thousand were well-educated, free black men from the northern states. The 176 letters in this collection were written by black soldiers in the Union army during the Civil War to black and abolitionist newspapers. They provide a unique expression of the black voice that was meant for a public forum. The letters tell of the men's experiences, their fears and their hopes. They describe in detail their army days - the excitement of combat and the drudgery of digging trenches. Some letters give vivid descriptions of battle; others protest against racism; still others call eloquently for civil rights. Many describe their conviction that they are fighting not only to free the slaves but to earn equal rights as citizens. These letters give an extraordinary picture of the war and also reveal the bright expectations, hopes, and ultimately the demands that black soldiers had for the future - for themselves and for their race. As first-person documents of the Civil War, the letters are strong statements of the American dream of justice and equality, and of the human spirit.

African American soldiers --- United States --- Etats-Unis --- History --- Participation, African American. --- Histoire --- Participation des Noirs américains --- Participation des Noirs américains --- Arts and Humanities --- Literature --- African American military personnel --- Afro-American soldiers --- Negro soldiers --- Negroes as soldiers --- Soldiers, African American --- Soldiers

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For many of the 200,000 black soldiers sent to Europe with the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I, encounters with French civilians and colonial African troops led them to imagine a world beyond Jim Crow. They returned home to join activists working to make that world real. In narrating the efforts of African American soldiers and activists to gain full citizenship rights as recompense for military service, Adriane Lentz-Smith illuminates how World War I mobilized a generation.

World War, 1914-1918 --- African American soldiers --- African Americans --- Racism --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- African American military personnel --- Afro-American soldiers --- Negro soldiers --- Negroes as soldiers --- Soldiers, African American --- Soldiers --- Participation, African American. --- History --- Social conditions --- United States. --- U.S. Army --- US Army --- African American troops --- United States --- Race relations. --- Race question --- Black people

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African American soldiers. --- Sociology, Military --- United States Naval Academy --- History. --- United States --- Race relations. --- African American military personnel --- Afro-American soldiers --- Negro soldiers --- Negroes as soldiers --- Soldiers, African American --- Soldiers --- United States. --- U.S. Naval Academy --- USNA (United States Naval Academy) --- Race question

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World War, 1939-1945 --- African American soldiers --- African Americans --- Participation, African American. --- Campaigns --- Veterans --- Social conditions. --- Social conditions --- United States. --- African American troops. --- United States --- African American military personnel --- Afro-American soldiers --- Negro soldiers --- Negroes as soldiers --- Soldiers, African American --- Soldiers --- European War, 1939-1945 --- Second World War, 1939-1945 --- World War 2, 1939-1945 --- World War II, 1939-1945 --- World War Two, 1939-1945 --- WW II (World War, 1939-1945) --- WWII (World War, 1939-1945) --- History, Modern --- U.S. Army --- US Army