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Nowadays, children are increasingly targeted as consumers, both in terms of advertising as well as products and services marketed to them. In that context, children fashion has grown and evolved considerably. A growing trend in children clothing is the adultification, that is to say, the tendency of children clothing to literally downsize adult clothing. In fashion advertising, children happen to be dressed and posed as adults, which might sometimes be disturbing. As adult appearance often draws attention to sexual body parts, this fashion trend also brings another phenomenon: the sexualization of children, i.e., inappropriately giving sexual characteristics to children. Adultification and sexualization of children have raised many criticisms and were therefore accused of threatening childhood innocence. As a matter of fact, adultification and especially sexualization have been found to lead to negative outcomes for healthy youth development. However, little is known on how parents tend to react to such fashion advertising as consumers. Through a between-subjects experimental design with parents, the impact of adultification and sexualization of children in children fashion advertising on attitude toward the ad, attitude toward the brand, purchase intention and endorser attractiveness was studied. Moreover, given the ethical issue imbued in this topic, the mediating role of ethical judgment was tested. Results showed a significant negative impact on purchase intention, with ethical judgment mediating this effect. Those findings suggest that parents consider such advertising as unethical, which consequently decreases their purchase intention for the brand advertised. This paper concludes with the managerial and theoretical implications, followed by the limitations and ideas for potential future research.
Adultification --- Sexualization --- Fashion advertising --- Consumer behavior --- Children --- Parents --- Ethical judgment --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Marketing
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Where racism and sexism meet--an understanding of anti-Black misogynyWhen Moya Bailey first coined the term misogynoir, she defined it as the ways anti-Black and misogynistic representation shape broader ideas about Black women, particularly in visual culture and digital spaces. She had no idea that the term would go viral, touching a cultural nerve and quickly entering into the lexicon. Misogynoir now has its own Wikipedia page and hashtag, and has been featured on Comedy Central's The Daily Show and CNN's Cuomo Prime Time. In Misogynoir Transformed, Bailey delves into her groundbreaking concept, highlighting Black women's digital resistance to anti-Black misogyny on YouTube, Facebook, Tumblr, and other platforms. At a time when Black women are depicted as more ugly, deficient, hypersexual, and unhealthy than their non-Black counterparts, Bailey explores how Black women have bravely used social-media platforms to confront misogynoir in a number of courageous--and, most importantly, effective--ways. Focusing on queer and trans Black women, she shows us the importance of carving out digital spaces, where communities are built around queer Black webshows and hashtags like #GirlsLikeUs. Bailey shows how Black women actively reimagine the world by engaging in powerful forms of digital resistance at a time when anti-Black misogyny is thriving on social media. A groundbreaking work, Misogynoir Transformed highlights Black women's remarkable efforts to disrupt mainstream narratives, subvert negative stereotypes, and reclaim their lives.
African American women in social media. --- Social media --- African American women in popular culture --- Misogyny --- African American women --- African Americans in mass media. --- Mass media and women. --- Minority women in mass media. --- Social conditions. --- #FreeCeCe. --- #GirlsLikeUs. --- #RuinABlackGirlsMonday. --- #YourSlipIsShowing. --- 195 Lewis. --- Adultification. --- Between Women. --- Black Girls. --- Black queer women. --- Black trans women. --- Black women. --- CeCe McDonald. --- Defensive Digital Alchemy. --- Digital Alchemy. --- Drag. --- Generative Digital Alchemy. --- Harm Reduction. --- Health. --- Janet Mock. --- Masculinity. --- Nap Ministry. --- Networks. --- Nonbinary femmes. --- Queer. --- Reading. --- Redefining Realness. --- Relationships. --- Skye’s The Limit. --- Social Media Platforms. --- Social Media. --- Stereotypes. --- Therapy. --- Trans. --- Transformation. --- Transformative Justice. --- Tumblr. --- Twitter. --- UrDoinGreat. --- Web Shows. --- YouTube. --- “Shit Black Girls Say”.
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