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Many substances modulate the adrenergic pathway, some of them are used to increase both physical and intellectual performance. The β 1-blocking used in doping, are dedicated to sports requiring accuracy such as pool table, shooting or golf because they are able to decrease heart rhythm and shivers. Even though they are still ban from sport (except Therapeutic Use Exemption), β2 agonists administered by inhalation do not seem to have ergogenic effects. In the contrary, oral administration can increase muscular mass while decreasing the fat mass and total body mass. The use of beta2 agonists remains frequent both in the professional environment (Alberto Contador for example) and in the non-athletes world. Products such as tonics are used to decrease stress or increase attention or aggressiveness. Indeed, use of methylphenidate is more and more spread within campuses. Ail these products, banned in competition andor during training, required the development of reliable techniques of analysis such as in urine or. r- Sports authorities are promoting cleaner practices, without doping. They do ban some substances but have also recently banned any kind injection (UCI decision). The pharmacist has a key role in promoting the use of certified non-doping products for people practicing sports, but pharmacist also should inform people on consequences of using any type of doping products Les voies adrénergiques constituent une cible intéressante pour toute personne souhaitant augmenter ses performances physiques ou intellectuelles. On retrouve d’une part les β-bloquants qui sont utilisés principalement pour diminuer tachycardie, tremblements et anxiété dans les sports qui nécessitent une certaine précision et concentration comme le billard, le tir ou le golf. Les β2 agonistes ne semblent pas avoir d’effet ergogénique lors de la prise par inhalation, ils sont pourtant toujours interdits en compétition sportive (hors Therapeutic Use Exemption). En prise orale, les agonistes β2 sont utilisés pour augmenter la masse musculaire et diminuer la masse graisseuse, ou diminuer la masse corporelle. Ces produits sont fréquemment mis en évidence tant dans le milieu professionnel (Alberto Contador par exemple) que dans le milieu des amateurs. Les stimulants sont des produits utilisés pour diminuer le stress ou augmenter l’attention et l’agressivité. L’utilisation du méthylphénidate est de plus en plus répandue surtout chez les étudiants. Tous ces produits, interdits en compétition et/ou pendant l’entraînement, ont nécessité le développement de techniques de détection comme l’analyse en milieu urinaire ou l’analyse des cheveux. Une pratique sportive propre et sans dopage est de plus. en plus favorisée par les autorités sportives, qui interdisent par exemple certaines substances mais également qui comme l’UCI, récemment, ont décidé d’éliminer toute utilisation d’injectable. Le pharmacien a un rôle de conseil tant sur la prise de produits certifiés non-dopants pour les patients athlètes, que sur les risques liés à une prise de produits dopants d’origine plus ou moins diverse

Adrenergic Agents --- Doping in Sports --- Health Promotion --- Pharmacists

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Hormones --- Lung --- 591.424 --- 591.147 --- physiology. --- Lungs --- Internal secretions. Endocrine secretions. Hormones. Adrenalin. Insulin. Sex hormones. Androgens. Oestrogens --- HORMONES --- LUNG --- physiology --- embryology --- 591.147 Internal secretions. Endocrine secretions. Hormones. Adrenalin. Insulin. Sex hormones. Androgens. Oestrogens --- 591.424 Lungs --- embryology. --- Physiology. --- Embryology. --- Fetus --- Sympathomimetic agents --- Thyroid hormones --- Adrenergic activators --- Adrenergic agents --- Adrenomimetics --- Sympathetic transmitter releasers --- Sympathomimetics --- Autonomic drugs --- Biomimetics --- Cardiopulmonary system --- Chest --- Respiratory organs --- Physiology --- Growth --- Physiological effect

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Adrenergic Antagonists --- Clinical Medicine --- Cardiovascular Agents --- Prognosis --- Chest Pain --- Organic Chemicals --- Therapeutics --- Myocardial Ischemia --- Membrane Transport Modulators --- Nitric Acid --- Evidence-Based Practice --- Outcome Assessment (Health Care) --- Anions --- Health Occupations --- Adrenergic Agents --- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care) --- Heart Diseases --- Pain --- Diagnosis --- Ions --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Nitrogen Compounds --- Vascular Diseases --- Medicine --- Therapeutic Uses --- Neurotransmitter Agents --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Electrolytes --- Inorganic Chemicals --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Signs and Symptoms --- Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Quality of Health Care --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Diseases --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Health Services Administration --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Health Care --- Angina Pectoris --- Treatment Outcome --- Evidence-Based Medicine --- Nitrates --- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists --- Calcium Channel Blockers --- Complementary Therapies --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Complementary Therapies. --- Evidence-Based Medicine. --- Therapeutic Outcome. --- drug therapy. --- therapeutic use.