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Commerce international. --- Organisation mondiale du commerce. --- Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce (1948-1994) --- Histoire.

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"Emerging Pathogens at the Poles: Disease and International Trade Law explores the applicability and possible complicating issues of the SPS Protocol to the Polar Regions in light of emerging pathogeneses and unknown host and environmental susceptibility and resilience. It examines the current literature on emerging pathogeneses in the Arctic and Antarctic and the relationship pathogeneses has with human development and movement of goods and people in spreading pathogens in the Polar Regions. Given the endemic nature of the Polar environment and the increasing interest in these regions for tourism and industry, this topic is important to address. The major component of the work is on the relevance of the SPS Protocol and the GATT 1994 Article XX(b) exception on human, animal and plant health as a barrier to trade which is examined in the context of its application to the Arctic and Antarctic. This book is an introduction to the interdisciplinary thinking required, across both science and law, in order to appreciate the significance of global trade barriers in reducing disease transmission and spread. The spread of pathogens across boundaries has become an important geopolitical issue and the provisions of international trade law may prove decisive in limiting or exacerbating the spread of disease. Academics and students with initial knowledge of the international trade regime, or those with initial studies in health or Polar medicine, will find this cross-over a useful introduction to the complications of food, trade and disease"--

Foreign trade regulation --- Pathogenic microorganisms --- Commerce extérieur --- Microorganismes pathogènes --- Control. --- Droit --- Lutte contre --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) --- Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce.

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After the Second World War, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) promoted trade liberalization to help make the world prosperous and peaceful. Francine McKenzie uses case studies of the Cold War, the creation of the EEC and other regional trade agreements, development, and agriculture, to show that trade is a primary goal of foreign policy, a dominant (and divisive) aspect of international relations, and a vital component of global order. She unpacks the many ways in which trade was politicised and the layers of meaning associated with trade; trade policies, as well as disputes about trade, communicated ideas, hopes and fears that were linked to larger questions of identity, sovereignty, and status. This study reveals how the economic and political dimensions of foreign policy and international engagement intersected, showing that trade was not only instrumentalised in the service of particular policies or relations but that it was also an essential aspect of international relations.

Foreign trade regulation. --- International relations. --- International trade. --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization). --- Commerce international. --- Commerce international --- Relations internationales. --- Réglementation --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) --- Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce. --- Réglementation --- Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce.

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Tariff --- Free trade --- Arbitration (International law) --- Tarif douanier --- Commerce extérieur --- Law and legislation --- Droit. --- Droit --- World Trade Organization --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) --- Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce. --- Organisation mondiale du commerce.

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Foreign trade regulation. --- Export and import controls --- Foreign trade control --- Foreign trade regulation --- Import and export controls --- International trade --- International trade control --- International trade regulation --- Prohibited exports and imports --- Trade regulation --- Law and legislation --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) --- United Nations. --- World Trade Organization --- Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce (Organization) --- Acordo Geral de Tarifas e Comércio (Organization) --- Contracting Parties to GATT --- Contracting Parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade --- G.A.T.T. --- GĀT (Organization) --- GATT --- Generalʹnoe soglashenie po tarifam i torgovle (Organization) --- Genikē Symphōnia Dasmōn kai Emporiou --- GHĀT --- GHĀTT --- JĀT (Organization) --- JĀTT --- Kuan mao tsung hsieh ting (Organization) --- Kuan shui ho mao i tsung hsieh ting (Organization) --- Kuan shui yü mao i tsung hsieh ting (Organization) --- Kwase Muyŏk Ilban Hyŏpchŏng --- Muvāfaqatnāmah-i ʻUmūmī-i Taʻrifah va Tijārat --- Partes Contratantes del Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles Aduaneros y Comercio --- Parti contraenti dell'Accordo generale sulle tariffe doganali e sul commercio --- Parties contractantes à l'accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce --- Vertragsparteien des Allgemeinen Zoll- und Handelsabkommens --- جات --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade --- Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce --- Acuerdo General de Aranceles Aduaneros y Comercio --- Acuerdo General de Aranceles y Comercio --- Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles Aduaneros y Comercio --- Allgemeines Zoll- und Handelsabkommen --- Gatto --- Ittifāqīyah al-ʻĀmmah lil-Tijārah wa-al-Taʻrifah --- JĀT