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ARAB COUNTRIES--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT --- DEMOCRATIZATION--ARAB COUNTRIES

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First came the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire following World War I; then, in the 1950s and '60s, the Nasser-inspired wave of Arab nationalism and socialism. The Arab world's third great political cataclysm of the past 100 years has also brought permanent changes, but not as its activists had hoped : the 2011 uprisings. Their consequences have differed greatly from area to area, splintering the Arab region into four different worlds, The Levant states have disintegrated, possibly irreversibly. The Gulf monarchies have embarked on far-reaching plans of economic and social change to stave off discontent. Egypt has retreated into military authoritarianism and a war on Islamists, threatening its future stability. Only the Maghreb countries, which have started integrating Islamists into their political systems, offer some hope for progress toward democracy. This book is an indispensable analysis of the profound upheavals that have shaken - and continue to transform - Arab and global politics.

ARAB SPRING, 2010 --- -ARAB COUNTRIES--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT

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islam --- Islam and politics --- Islam --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Arab countries - Politics and government

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Nationalism --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Nationalism - Arab countries --- Arab countries - Politics and government

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This book looks at the way primarily external actors influenced and were influenced by the revolutionary chaos that erupted in the Arab Middle East in 2011. The Arab revolutions radically altered the Middle East dynamic and particularly the strategic standing of key actors, both locally and globally. The 'winners' are leaders with strategic understanding of the region and a scheme for exploiting the chaos - Putin, Netanyahu and Iran's Qasem Soleimani-along with, strikingly, the very institution of Arab monarchy. The 'losers' are the Arab autocrats who were deposed in Egypt, Libya and Yemen. The Palestinians, seemingly bypassed by the dynamic of Arab revolution, are also losers. So are the American presidents - Bush and Obama - whose disastrous strategic decision-making catalyzed Arab state fragmentation and opened the gates of the Levant to Iran's drive for regional hegemony. Western democratic society suffered too - from waves of Islamist terrorism and the effects of Muslim migration generated at least in part by Arab chaos. Only in the case of two leaders was the jury still out by 2019. Saudi Arabia's brutal reformist crown prince, Mohamed bin Salman, put Saudi women in the driver's seat but butchered and abused political rivals and neighbors alike. And US President Trump's demand to get America out of the Middle East would actually make some sense in this chaotic context if it were embedded in a cohesive strategy. This book takes a global look at a massive regional upheaval that is far from over. It is an essential read for everybody interested in the Arab revolutions, Middle East and international strategic affairs.

ARAB SPRING, 2010 --- -ARAB COUNTRIES--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT --- ARAB COUNTRIES--FOREIGN RELATIONS