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Regulation of the mammalian alcohol dehydrogenase genes
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Year: 2000

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Enzymology and molecular biology of carbonyl metabolism 6.
ISBN: 0306455099 Year: 1997 Publisher: New York, NY : Plenum Press,

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Enzymology and molecular biology of carbonyl metabolism 5
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ISBN: 0306449897 1461358086 1461519659 Year: 1995 Volume: 372 Publisher: New York ; London Plenum Press

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Enzymology and molecular biology of carbonyl metabolism 4 : proceedings of the sixth international workshop on enzymology and molecular biology of carbonyl metabolism, held June 28-July 1, 1992, in Dublin
Authors: --- --- ---
ISBN: 0306443570 1461362598 1461529042 Year: 1993 Volume: vol 328 Publisher: New York Plenum Press


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Alcool et cytochrome 2E1 : une combinaison qui mène à la cirrhose

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Liver diseases related to chronic alcohol consumption are not only due to malnutrition but mainly to the hepatotoxicity of ethanol. This toxicity stems from its metabolism by alcohol dehydrogenase and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). The metabolism results in a production of acetaldehyde, which is toxic to the organism, but also results in an increase of NADH. This promotes steatosis by stimulating the synthesis of fatty acids and preventing their oxidation. In addition, CYP2E1 is induced by ethanol. Excess of ethanol metabolism generates free radicals leading to oxidative stress with lipid peroxidation, membrane damage and alteration of the activity of certains enzymes. All these mechanisms contribute to inflammation and necrosis of liver cells and a progressive fibrosis and cirrhosis. Therefore, prevention and therapy of steatosis and more severe hepatic lesions, requires a multifactorial approach: control of alcohol consumption and the addition for instance, of S-adenosylmethionine and phosphatidylcholine by taking PPC Les maladies hépatiques liées à une consommation chronique d’alcool ne sont pas dues uniquement à une malnutrition mais essentiellement à l’hépatotoxicité de l’éthanol. Cette toxicité provient de son métabolisme par l’alcool déshydrogénase et le cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Son métabolisme résulte en une production d’acétaldéhyde qui est toxique pour l’organisme mais aussi une augmentation de taux de NADH. Ceci induit la stéatose par stimulation de la synthèse d’acides gras et l’inhibition de leur oxydation.
De plus, le CYP2E1 est induit par l’éthanol. L’excès de métabolisation de l’éthanol génère des radicaux libres qui mènent à un stress oxydatif avec une peroxydation lipidique, des dommages membranaires et une altération de l’activité de certains enzymes.
Tous ces mécanismes contribuent à une nécrose et une inflammation des cellules du foie et progressivement à une fibrose et une cirrhose.
C’est pourquoi, la prévention et la thérapie de la stéatose et des lésions hépatiques plus sévères, passent par une approche multifactorielle : contrôle de la consommation d’alcool et par exemple, la reconstruction de réserve de GSH en administrant un précurseur de la cystéine comme l’acétylcystéine ou le S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) ainsi que la protection des phosphatidylcholines dans les membranes par administration de PPC.


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Biocatalysis: Chemical Biosynthesis
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book has been written with the purpose of providing a vision of a topic which is on the edge of biology and chemistry. As well, we want to provide an updated vision of the potentials and limitations of biocatalysis, especially with respect to applications in processes of organic synthesis, fine chemicals, and medicine. This book pretends to illustrate the potential of an excellent overview of recent progress on the assessment of granted patents as a useful tool in asymmetric synthesis. Some distinguished researchers have contributed to this endeavor with their knowledge, their commitment and their encouragement


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Biocatalysis: Chemical Biosynthesis
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book has been written with the purpose of providing a vision of a topic which is on the edge of biology and chemistry. As well, we want to provide an updated vision of the potentials and limitations of biocatalysis, especially with respect to applications in processes of organic synthesis, fine chemicals, and medicine. This book pretends to illustrate the potential of an excellent overview of recent progress on the assessment of granted patents as a useful tool in asymmetric synthesis. Some distinguished researchers have contributed to this endeavor with their knowledge, their commitment and their encouragement


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Enzyme-Mediated Stereoselective Synthesis
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ISBN: 3039219375 3039219367 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book is a collection of studies focused on the exploitation of enzyme stereoselectivity for the synthesis of relevant chemicals, such as innovative materials, chiral building blocks, natural products, and flavor and fragrance compounds. Different catalytic approaches are reported. The first study describes a resolution-based process for the stereoselective synthesis of the enantiomeric forms of the flavor compound linaloyl oxide, whereas other enantiomeric enriched aroma compounds were obtained through a novel microbial approach based on solid-state fermentation. Two relevant works exploit the potential of the biocatalyzed reduction reactions. The first of these contributions describes the enantioselective synthesis of ?-nitroalcohols by enzyme-mediated reduction of ?-nitroketones, whereas a second contribution reports the preparation of chiral 1,4-diaryl-1,4-diols through ADH-catalyzed bioreduction of the corresponding diketones. Concerning enantioenriched alcohol derivatives, natural hydroxy fatty acids are prepared by means of the biocatalytic hydration reaction of natural fatty acids using the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus as a whole-cell biocatalyst. Further studies describe the use of modified pullulan polysaccharide for lipase immobilization and the recent advances in synthetic applications of ?-transaminases for the production of chiral amines.


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Biocatalysis: Chemical Biosynthesis
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book has been written with the purpose of providing a vision of a topic which is on the edge of biology and chemistry. As well, we want to provide an updated vision of the potentials and limitations of biocatalysis, especially with respect to applications in processes of organic synthesis, fine chemicals, and medicine. This book pretends to illustrate the potential of an excellent overview of recent progress on the assessment of granted patents as a useful tool in asymmetric synthesis. Some distinguished researchers have contributed to this endeavor with their knowledge, their commitment and their encouragement


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The Conformational Universe of Proteins and Peptides: Tales of Order and Disorder
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Proteins represent one of the most abundant classes of biological macromolecules and play crucial roles in a vast array of physiological and pathological processes. The knowledge of the 3D structure of a protein, as well as the possible conformational transitions occurring upon interaction with diverse ligands, are essential to fully comprehend its biological function.In addition to globular, well-folded proteins, over the past few years, intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) have received a lot of attention. IDPs are usually aggregation-prone and may form toxic amyloid fibers and oligomers associated with several human pathologies. Peptides are smaller in size than proteins but similarly represent key elements of cells. A few peptides are able to work as tumor markers and find applications in the diagnostic and therapeutic fields. The conformational analysis of bioactive peptides is important to design novel potential drugs acting as selective modulators of specific receptors or enzymes. Nevertheless, synthetic peptides reproducing different protein fragments have frequently been implemented as model systems in folding studies relying on structural investigations in water and/or other environments.This book contains contributions (seven original research articles and five reviews published in the journal Molecules) on the above-described topics and, in detail, it includes structural studies on globular folded proteins, IDPs and bioactive peptides. These works were conducted usingdifferent experimental methods.

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