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338 <09> --- 338 <09> <420> --- Economische geschiedenis --- Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- Social history --- England --- Rural conditions. --- Economic conditions --- Social conditions --- 338 <09> <420> Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- 338 <09> Economische geschiedenis

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A detailed examination of the trade and economy of England, in a time of vast changes. The changes that affected the English economic landscape between 1450 and 1550 are examined here through a close study of three south-eastern counties which provide a rich variety of sources. Mavis Mate pays particular attention to the growing commercialisation of the brewing industry and its impact on women, the expansion of trade with Normandy, Brittany and the Low Countries, and the rise of trade outside the market place. Using material from the lay subsidy rolls of 1524-5, she finds a sharp difference between towns in their distribution of wealth, the size of their alien population and the number of men earning wages of forty shillings. Although the growth of London undoubtedly influenced the areas south of the Thames, its markets were always in competition with local markets and the need to provision Calais. Other changes included the increasing exploitation of woodland to produce fuel, wood and charcoal, and the intensive cultivation of gardens, with the growing of hemp, saffron and all kinds of fruit trees. These developments would not have been possible without changes in the customary land market that allowed gentry, the yeomen, and merchants to buy up former bond-land and build up substantial holdings. As land accumulated in new hands, the former small-holders either disappeared or held their land under different terms. Their standard of living, which had improved in the hundred years after the Black Death, dropped when wages failed to keep pace with prices. MAVIS MATE is Emerita Professor, University of Oregon.

338 <09> <420> --- Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- Kent (England) --- Surrey (England) --- Sussex (England) --- England --- Economic conditions. --- Commerce. --- Economic conditions --- 338 <09> <420> Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- Sussex, Eng. --- Sussex --- East Sussex (England) --- West Sussex (England) --- Surry (England) --- Kent, Eng. --- County of Kent (England) --- Kent (England: County) --- Commerce --- 1066-1485 --- BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Economic Conditions.

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Berkshire (England) --- Social change --- 338 <09> <420> --- 942.2 BERKSHIRE --- Change, Social --- Cultural change --- Cultural transformation --- Societal change --- Socio-cultural change --- Social history --- Social evolution --- 338 <09> <420> Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- History --- Geschiedenis van Engeland: South East England:--reg./lok.--BERKSHIRE --- Berkshire, Eng. --- Berks (England) --- Economic conditions. --- Rural conditions. --- Social conditions.

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Women --- Femmes --- Employment --- History --- Travail --- Histoire --- England --- Angleterre --- Economic conditions --- Conditions économiques --- 338 <09> <420> --- Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- 338 <09> <420> Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- Conditions économiques --- Sociology of work --- Business management --- Community organization --- Housekeeping --- Private finance --- Great Britain --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Anglii︠a︡ --- Inghilterra --- Engeland --- Inglaterra --- Anglija --- England and Wales --- Household work --- Credits --- Labour --- Labour market --- Entrepreneurs --- Working-class women --- Participation --- Paid labour --- Book --- Service staff

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This book examines the vital role of market towns in the medieval economy. It focuses on Exeter, and on how it served as an important link in a marketing chain that connected local, regional, and overseas trade. Although small by most standards (the population stood at around 3,100 in 1377), Exeter was the largest town in south-western England and had long played a central role in the marketing hierarchy of the region. Its functions can be illustrated through prosopographical analysis, a methodology which creates 'collective biographies' of specific groups of traders, thereby revealing the identity - status, occupation, residence - of buyers and sellers, the goods they exchanged, where they traded, and how they marketed their goods. Such an approach also helps to characterise the town's regional networks of trade and hinterland.

History of the United Kingdom and Ireland --- anno 500-1499 --- Exeter --- Commerce --- Markets --- Marchés --- History --- Histoire --- Exeter (England) --- Exeter Region (England) --- Exeter (Angleterre) --- Economic conditions --- Industries --- Conditions économiques --- Industrie --- 338 <09> <420> --- -Markets --- -Industries --- -Industrial production --- Industry --- Economics --- Public markets --- Fairs --- Market towns --- Trade --- Business --- Transportation --- Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- -History --- -Exeter Region (England) --- -Economic conditions --- History. --- Economic conditions. --- -Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- 338 <09> <420> Economische geschiedenis--Engeland --- Marchés --- Conditions économiques --- Industrial production --- Exeter, Eng. --- Exeter (Devon) --- Exon (England) --- Isca Dumnoniorum (England) --- Industries, Primitive