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338 <09> <41> --- Economische geschiedenis--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- 338 <09> <41> Economische geschiedenis--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland

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Great Britain --- Economic conditions --- 338 <09> <41> --- Economische geschiedenis--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- -338 <09> <41> --- 338 <09> <41> Economische geschiedenis--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- -Great Britain --- Great Britain - Economic conditions - 1760-1860

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Now that services account for such a dominant part of economic activity, it has become apparent that achieving high levels of productivity in the economy requires high levels of productivity in services. This book offers a major reassessment of Britain's comparative productivity performance over the last 150 years. Whereas in the mid-nineteenth century Britain had higher productivity than the United States and Germany, by 1990 both countries had overtaken Britain. The key to achieving high productivity was the 'industrialisation' of market services, which involved both the serving of business and the provision of mass-market consumer services in a more business like fashion. Comparative productivity varied with the uneven spread of industrialised service sector provision across sectors. Stephen Broadberry provides a quantitative overview of these trends, together with a qualitative account of developments within individual sectors, including shipping, railways, road and air transport, telecommunications, wholesale and retail distribution, banking, and finance.

338 <09> <41> --- Economische geschiedenis--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- 338 <09> <41> Economische geschiedenis--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- Industrial productivity --- Service industries --- Industries --- Productivity, Industrial --- TFP (Total factor productivity) --- Total factor productivity --- Industrial efficiency --- Production (Economic theory) --- Regional disparities&delete& --- History --- Great Britain --- 19th century --- 20th century --- Europe --- Regional disparities --- History. --- Arts and Humanities

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Great Britain --- Economic conditions --- 338 <09> <41> --- 338 <09> <41> Economische geschiedenis--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- Economische geschiedenis--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- Great Britain - Economic conditions - 19th century --- Great Britain - Economic conditions - 20th century --- Great Britain - Economic conditions - 21st century

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Historians have so far made few attempts to assess directly the costs and benefits of Britain's investment in empire. This book presents answers to some of the key questions about the economics of imperialism: how large was the flow of finance to the empire? How great were the profits on empire investment? What were the social costs of maintaining the empire? Who received the profits, and who bore the costs? The authors show that colonial finance did not dominate British capital markets; returns from empire investment were not high in comparison to earnings in the domestic and foreign sectors; there is no evidence of continued exploitative profits; and empire profits were earned at a substantial cost to the taxpayer. They depict British imperialism as a mechanism to effect an income transfer from the tax-paying middle class to the elites in which the ownership of imperial enterprise was heavily concentrated, with some slight net transfer to the colonies in the process.

Great Britain --- Colonies --- Economic conditions --- Economic policy --- 338 <09> <41> --- 327.2 <41> --- Economische geschiedenis--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- Imperialisme. Wereldrijken --(buitenlandse politiek)--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- 327.2 <41> Imperialisme. Wereldrijken --(buitenlandse politiek)--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- 338 <09> <41> Economische geschiedenis--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- Great Britain - Colonies - Economic conditions --- Great Britain - Colonies - Economic policy