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This book gives a new foundation for the theory of links in 3-space modeled on the modern developmentby Jaco, Shalen, Johannson, Thurston et al. of the theory of 3-manifolds. The basic construction is a method of obtaining any link by "splicing" links of the simplest kinds, namely those whose exteriors are Seifert fibered or hyperbolic. This approach to link theory is particularly attractive since most invariants of links are additive under splicing.Specially distinguished from this viewpoint is the class of links, none of whose splice components is hyperbolic. It includes all links constructed by cabling and connected sums, in particular all links of singularities of complex plane curves. One of the main contributions of this monograph is the calculation of invariants of these classes of links, such as the Alexander polynomials, monodromy, and Seifert forms.

Algebraic geometry --- Differential geometry. Global analysis --- Link theory. --- Curves, Plane. --- SINGULARITIES (Mathematics) --- Curves, Plane --- Invariants --- Link theory --- Singularities (Mathematics) --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Low-dimensional topology --- Piecewise linear topology --- Higher plane curves --- Plane curves --- Invariants. --- 3-sphere. --- Alexander Grothendieck. --- Alexander polynomial. --- Algebraic curve. --- Algebraic equation. --- Algebraic geometry. --- Algebraic surface. --- Algorithm. --- Ambient space. --- Analytic function. --- Approximation. --- Big O notation. --- Call graph. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Characteristic polynomial. --- Closed-form expression. --- Cohomology. --- Computation. --- Conjecture. --- Connected sum. --- Contradiction. --- Coprime integers. --- Corollary. --- Curve. --- Cyclic group. --- Determinant. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Diffeomorphism. --- Dimension. --- Disjoint union. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Equation. --- Equivalence class. --- Euler number. --- Existential quantification. --- Exterior (topology). --- Fiber bundle. --- Fibration. --- Foliation. --- Fundamental group. --- Geometry. --- Graph (discrete mathematics). --- Ground field. --- Homeomorphism. --- Homology sphere. --- Identity matrix. --- Integer matrix. --- Intersection form (4-manifold). --- Isolated point. --- Isolated singularity. --- Jordan normal form. --- Knot theory. --- Mathematical induction. --- Monodromy matrix. --- Monodromy. --- N-sphere. --- Natural transformation. --- Newton polygon. --- Newton's method. --- Normal (geometry). --- Notation. --- Pairwise. --- Parametrization. --- Plane curve. --- Polynomial. --- Power series. --- Projective plane. --- Puiseux series. --- Quantity. --- Rational function. --- Resolution of singularities. --- Riemann sphere. --- Riemann surface. --- Root of unity. --- Scientific notation. --- Seifert surface. --- Set (mathematics). --- Sign (mathematics). --- Solid torus. --- Special case. --- Stereographic projection. --- Submanifold. --- Summation. --- Theorem. --- Three-dimensional space (mathematics). --- Topology. --- Torus knot. --- Torus. --- Tubular neighborhood. --- Unit circle. --- Unit vector. --- Unknot. --- Variable (mathematics).

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There is a sympathy of ideas among the fields of knot theory, infinite discrete group theory, and the topology of 3-manifolds. This book contains fifteen papers in which new results are proved in all three of these fields. These papers are dedicated to the memory of Ralph H. Fox, one of the world's leading topologists, by colleagues, former students, and friends.In knot theory, papers have been contributed by Goldsmith, Levine, Lomonaco, Perko, Trotter, and Whitten. Of these several are devoted to the study of branched covering spaces over knots and links, while others utilize the braid groups of Artin.Cossey and Smythe, Stallings, and Strasser address themselves to group theory. In his contribution Stallings describes the calculation of the groups In/In+1 where I is the augmentation ideal in a group ring RG. As a consequence, one has for each k an example of a k-generator l-relator group with no free homomorphs. In the third part, papers by Birman, Cappell, Milnor, Montesinos, Papakyriakopoulos, and Shalen comprise the treatment of 3-manifolds. Milnor gives, besides important new results, an exposition of certain aspects of our current knowledge regarding the 3- dimensional Brieskorn manifolds.

Knot theory. --- Group theory. --- Three-manifolds (Topology) --- 3-manifold. --- 3-sphere. --- Additive group. --- Alexander duality. --- Algebraic equation. --- Algebraic surface. --- Algebraic variety. --- Automorphic form. --- Automorphism. --- Big O notation. --- Bilinear form. --- Borromean rings. --- Boundary (topology). --- Braid group. --- Cartesian product. --- Central series. --- Chain rule. --- Characteristic polynomial. --- Coefficient. --- Cohomological dimension. --- Commutative ring. --- Commutator subgroup. --- Complex Lie group. --- Complex coordinate space. --- Complex manifold. --- Complex number. --- Conjugacy class. --- Connected sum. --- Coprime integers. --- Coset. --- Counterexample. --- Cyclic group. --- Dedekind domain. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Diffeomorphism. --- Disjoint union. --- Divisibility rule. --- Double coset. --- Equation. --- Equivalence class. --- Euler characteristic. --- Fiber bundle. --- Finite group. --- Fundamental group. --- Generating set of a group. --- Graded ring. --- Graph product. --- Group ring. --- Groupoid. --- Heegaard splitting. --- Holomorphic function. --- Homeomorphism. --- Homological algebra. --- Homology (mathematics). --- Homology sphere. --- Homomorphism. --- Homotopy group. --- Homotopy sphere. --- Homotopy. --- Hurewicz theorem. --- Infimum and supremum. --- Integer matrix. --- Integer. --- Intersection number (graph theory). --- Intersection theory. --- Knot group. --- Knot polynomial. --- Loop space. --- Main diagonal. --- Manifold. --- Mapping cylinder. --- Mathematical induction. --- Meromorphic function. --- Monodromy. --- Monomorphism. --- Multiplicative group. --- Permutation. --- Poincaré conjecture. --- Principal ideal domain. --- Proportionality (mathematics). --- Quotient space (topology). --- Riemann sphere. --- Riemann surface. --- Seifert fiber space. --- Simplicial category. --- Special case. --- Spectral sequence. --- Subgroup. --- Submanifold. --- Surjective function. --- Symmetric group. --- Symplectic matrix. --- Theorem. --- Three-dimensional space (mathematics). --- Topology. --- Torus knot. --- Triangle group. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Weak equivalence (homotopy theory).

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This book develops some of the extraordinary richness, beauty, and power of geometry in two and three dimensions, and the strong connection of geometry with topology. Hyperbolic geometry is the star. A strong effort has been made to convey not just denatured formal reasoning (definitions, theorems, and proofs), but a living feeling for the subject. There are many figures, examples, and exercises of varying difficulty. This book was the origin of a grand scheme developed by Thurston that is now coming to fruition. In the 1920s and 1930s the mathematics of two-dimensional spaces was formalized. It was Thurston's goal to do the same for three-dimensional spaces. To do this, he had to establish the strong connection of geometry to topology--the study of qualitative questions about geometrical structures. The author created a new set of concepts, and the expression "Thurston-type geometry" has become a commonplace. Three-Dimensional Geometry and Topology had its origins in the form of notes for a graduate course the author taught at Princeton University between 1978 and 1980. Thurston shared his notes, duplicating and sending them to whoever requested them. Eventually, the mailing list grew to more than one thousand names. The book is the culmination of two decades of research and has become the most important and influential text in the field. Its content also provided the methods needed to solve one of mathematics' oldest unsolved problems--the Poincaré Conjecture. In 2005 Thurston won the first AMS Book Prize, for Three-dimensional Geometry and Topology. The prize recognizes an outstanding research book that makes a seminal contribution to the research literature. Thurston received the Fields Medal, the mathematical equivalent of the Nobel Prize, in 1982 for the depth and originality of his contributions to mathematics. In 1979 he was awarded the Alan T. Waterman Award, which recognizes an outstanding young researcher in any field of science or engineering supported by the National Science Foundation.

Topology --- Differential geometry. Global analysis --- Geometry, Hyperbolic --- Three-manifolds (Topology) --- Géométrie hyperbolique --- Variétés topologiques à 3 dimensions --- Geometry, Hyperbolic. --- 514.1 --- 3-manifolds (Topology) --- Manifolds, Three dimensional (Topology) --- Three-dimensional manifolds (Topology) --- Low-dimensional topology --- Topological manifolds --- Hyperbolic geometry --- Lobachevski geometry --- Lobatschevski geometry --- Geometry, Non-Euclidean --- General geometry --- Three-manifolds (Topology). --- 514.1 General geometry --- Géométrie hyperbolique --- Variétés topologiques à 3 dimensions --- 3-sphere. --- Abelian group. --- Affine space. --- Affine transformation. --- Atlas (topology). --- Automorphism. --- Basis (linear algebra). --- Bounded set (topological vector space). --- Brouwer fixed-point theorem. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Characterization (mathematics). --- Compactification (mathematics). --- Conformal map. --- Contact geometry. --- Curvature. --- Cut locus (Riemannian manifold). --- Diagram (category theory). --- Diffeomorphism. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dimension. --- Disk (mathematics). --- Divisor (algebraic geometry). --- Dodecahedron. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Embedding. --- Euclidean space. --- Euler number. --- Exterior (topology). --- Facet (geometry). --- Fiber bundle. --- Foliation. --- Fundamental group. --- Gaussian curvature. --- Geometry. --- Group homomorphism. --- Half-space (geometry). --- Holonomy. --- Homeomorphism. --- Homotopy. --- Horocycle. --- Hyperbolic geometry. --- Hyperbolic manifold. --- Hyperbolic space. --- Hyperboloid model. --- Interior (topology). --- Intersection (set theory). --- Isometry group. --- Isometry. --- Jordan curve theorem. --- Lefschetz fixed-point theorem. --- Lie algebra. --- Lie group. --- Line (geometry). --- Linear map. --- Linearization. --- Manifold. --- Mathematical induction. --- Metric space. --- Moduli space. --- Möbius transformation. --- Norm (mathematics). --- Pair of pants (mathematics). --- Piecewise linear manifold. --- Piecewise linear. --- Poincaré disk model. --- Polyhedron. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Projection (mathematics). --- Pseudogroup. --- Pullback (category theory). --- Quasi-isometry. --- Quotient space (topology). --- Riemann mapping theorem. --- Riemann surface. --- Riemannian manifold. --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Sign (mathematics). --- Simplicial complex. --- Simply connected space. --- Special linear group. --- Stokes' theorem. --- Subgroup. --- Subset. --- Tangent space. --- Tangent vector. --- Tetrahedron. --- Theorem. --- Three-dimensional space (mathematics). --- Topological group. --- Topological manifold. --- Topological space. --- Topology. --- Transversal (geometry). --- Two-dimensional space. --- Uniformization theorem. --- Unit sphere. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector bundle. --- Vector field. --- Topologie algébrique --- Topologie combinatoire --- Algebraic topology. --- Combinatorial topology. --- Variétés topologiques --- Geometrie --- Theorie des noeuds