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Comparative literature --- Thematology --- Robinsonades --- Robinsonnades --- 82.04 --- 094:82-31 --- 82-91 --- 82-93 --- Exoticism in literature --- Voyages, Imaginary --- Literaire thema's --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Roman --- Populaire literatuur. Volksboek --- Kinderliteratuur. Jeugdliteratuur --- Robinsonades. --- 82-93 Kinderliteratuur. Jeugdliteratuur --- 82-91 Populaire literatuur. Volksboek --- 094:82-31 Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Roman --- 82.04 Literaire thema's

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Prokaryotes are profoundly original, highly efficient microorganisms that have played a decisive role in the evolution of life on Earth. Although disjunct, taken together their cells form one global superorganism or biological system. One of the results of their non-Darwinian evolution has been the development of enormous diversity and bio-energetic variety. Prokaryotic cells possess standardized mechanisms for easy gene exchanges (lateral gene transfer) and they can behave like receiving and broadcasting stations for genetic material. Ultimately, the result is a global communication system based on the prokaryotic hereditary patrimony, by analogy, a two-billion-year-old world wide web for their benefit. Eukaryotes have evolved from the association of at least three complementary prokaryotic cells, and their subsequent development has been enriched and accelerated by symbioses with other prokaryotes. One of these symbioses was responsible for the origin of vascular plants which transformed vast sections of the continental surface of the Earth from deserts to areas with luxuriant, life-supporting vegetation. All forms of life on our planet are directly or indirectly sustained and enriched by the positive contribution of prokaryotes. Sorin Sonea and Léo G. Mathieu have been professors at the Department of Microbiology and Immunology (Faculty of Medicine) at the Université de Montréal. They have long been advocates of the ideas presented in this book.

82-91 --- 820 "17" DEFOE, DANIEL --- 82.04 --- 094:82-31 --- Populaire literatuur. Volksboek --- Engelse literatuur--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799--DEFOE, DANIEL --- Literaire thema's --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Roman --- 094:82-31 Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Roman --- 82.04 Literaire thema's --- 820 "17" DEFOE, DANIEL Engelse literatuur--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799--DEFOE, DANIEL --- 82-91 Populaire literatuur. Volksboek --- Prokaryotes. --- Prokaryotes --- Bacteria --- Genetics. --- Evolution. --- Bacterial genetics. --- Monera --- Procaryotae --- Procaryotes --- Prokaryonta --- Prokaryotae --- Prokaryotic protists --- Microorganisms --- Bacterial evolution --- Evolution (Biology) --- Bacteriology --- Microbial genetics --- Genetics --- prokaryotes --- evolution --- Bacterial genetics

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Arthurian romance in Renaissance France has long been treated by modern critics as marginal - although manuscripts and printed volumes, adaptations and rewritings, show just how much writers, and especially publishers, saw its potential attractions for readers. This book is the first full-length study of what happens to Arthur at the beginning of the age of print. It explores the fascinations of Arthurian romance in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, from the magnificent presentation volumes offered by Antoine Vérard or Galliot du Pré in the early years of the century to the perfunctory abbreviated Lancelot published by Benoît Rigaud in Lyon in 1591; from PierreSala's dutiful "translation" of Yvain to Jean Maugin's exuberant rewriting of the prose Tristan; from attempts at "new" romance like the little-known Giglan to the runaway best-seller Amadis de Gaule.The book's primary focus is the techniques and stratagems employed by publishers and their workshops to renew Arthurian romance for a new readership: the ways in which the publishers, the translators and the adapters of the Renaissance tailor romance to fit new cultural contexts. Their story - which is the story of the rise and fall of one of the great genres of the Middle Ages - allows privileged insights into socio-cultural and ideological attitudes in the France of the Renaissance, and into issues of literary taste, particular patterns of choice and preference. Jane H.M. Taylor is Emeritus Professor of French at Durham University.

Arthurian romances --- French literature --- Renaissance --- Cycle d'Arthur --- Littérature française --- History and criticism. --- Histoire et critique --- Sala, Pierre, --- Amadís de Gaula (Spanish romance) --- Translations into French --- Book history --- Sociology of literature --- Old French literature --- Appreciation --- Littérature française --- Amadís de Gaula (Spanish romance) --- History and criticism --- Amadís (Spanish romance) --- Amadis of Gaul (Spanish romance) --- Amadigi di Gaula (Spanish romance) --- Amadís de Gaula --- 094:82-31 --- 82.085.43 --- 82.085.43 Literaire receptie --- Literaire receptie --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Roman --- 094:82-31 Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Roman --- Romances --- Amadis de Gaule. --- Antoine Vérard. --- Arthurian romance. --- Benoît Rigaud. --- Galliot du Pré. --- Giglan. --- Jean Maugin. --- Renaissance France. --- Yvain. --- cultural contexts. --- ideological attitudes. --- socio-cultural.

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A literary scholar explains how eighteenth-century novels were manufactured, sold, bought, owned, collected, and read alongside Protestant religious texts. As the novel developed into a mature genre, it had to distinguish itself from these similar-looking books and become what we now call "literature." Literary scholars have explained the rise of the Anglophone novel using a range of tools, from Ian Watt's theories to James Watt's inventions. Contrary to established narratives, When Novels Were Books reveals that the genre beloved of so many readers today was not born secular, national, middle-class, or female. For the first three centuries of their history, novels came into readers' hands primarily as printed sheets ordered into a codex bound along one edge between boards or paper wrappers. Consequently, they shared some formal features of other codices, such as almanacs and Protestant religious books produced by the same printers. Novels are often mistakenly credited for developing a formal feature ("character") that was in fact incubated in religious books. The novel did not emerge all at once: it had to differentiate itself from the goods with which it was in competition. Though it was written for sequential reading, the early novel's main technology for dissemination was the codex, a platform designed for random access. This peculiar circumstance led to the genre's insistence on continuous, cover-to-cover reading even as the "media platform" it used encouraged readers to dip in and out at will and read discontinuously. Jordan Alexander Stein traces this tangled history, showing how the physical format of the book shaped the stories that were fit to print.

Books and reading --- Books and reading. --- Books --- Books. --- Early printed books. --- Fiction --- Fiction. --- LITERARY CRITICISM --- Printing --- Printing. --- History. --- History and criticism. --- European --- English, Irish, Scottish, Welsh. --- 094:82-31 --- 094 "17" --- 094 <41> --- 655.56 --- Early printed books --- Bibliography --- 655.56 Boekdistributie --- 655.56 Sales organization --- Boekdistributie --- Sales organization --- 094 <41> Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- 094 "17" Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- 094:82-31 Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Roman --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Roman --- History and criticism --- History

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The novel was born religious, alongside Protestant texts produced in the same format by the same publishers. Novels borrowed features of these texts but over the years distinguished themselves, becoming the genre we know today. Jordan Alexander Stein traces this history, showing how the physical object of the book shaped the stories it contained.

094:82-31 --- 094 "17" --- 094 <41> --- 655.56 --- Fiction --- Books --- Printing --- Early printed books --- Books and reading --- Bibliography --- 655.56 Boekdistributie --- 655.56 Sales organization --- Boekdistributie --- Sales organization --- 094 <41> Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland --- 094 "17" Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--18e eeuw. Periode 1700-1799 --- 094:82-31 Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Roman --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Roman --- History and criticism --- History --- Early printed books. --- History and criticism. --- History.