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This was a time of civil war, anarchy, intrigue, and assassination. Between 193 and 284 the Roman Empire knew more than twenty-five emperors, and an equal number of usurpers. All of them had some measure of success, several of them often ruling different parts of the Empire at the same time. Rome's traditional political institutions slid into vacuity and armies became the Empire's most powerful institutions, proclaiming their own imperial champions and deposing those they held to be incompetent. Yet despite widespread contemporary dismay at such weak government this period was also one in which

Rome --- History --- Roman history --- Histoire --- Rome - History - Empire, 30 B.C.-284 A.D.

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Romans --- Rome --- England --- History --- Antiquities --- Antiquities, Roman --- #BIBC:bibl.Reekmans --- Romans - England --- Rome - History - Empire, 30 B.C.-284 A.D. --- Rome - Antiquities --- England - Antiquities, Roman

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Liberty. --- Freedom of religion --- Freedom of religion. Rome — History — Empire, 30 B.C.-284 A.D. Rome — Intellectual life. --- Rome --- Rome --- History --- Intellectual life.

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"Sasanian Persia, which succeeded the Parthians, was one of the great powers of late antiquity and the most significant power in the Near East together with the Roman Empire. This book undertakes a thorough investigation of the diverse range of written, numismatic and archaeological sources in order to reassess Sasanian political ideology and its sources and influences in the ideologies of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, Babylonian scholarship and prophesy, and Hellenistic Greek thought. It sheds fresh light on the political complexities of early Arsacid and Sasanian history, especially the situation in Babylon and Elymais, and on the Roman propaganda which penetrated, shaped and determined Roman attitudes towards Sasanian Persia"-- "The present study proposes to examine the political ideology of the early Sasanian empire. In doing so, it shall not only look at Sasanian and Roman relations, but also at Arsacid precedents, for possible stimuli in the formation of the Sasanian ideology. Already Roman historians of the third and fourth centuries CE perceived the imperialism of the Sasanians as infused with the desire to equal, even to surpass, the glory of the kings of old by recovering formerly Achaemenid territories-by then part of the Roman East. In contrast, contemporaneous Sasanian royal inscriptions, in particular the res gestae of Sabuhr the Great and the inscription of king Narseh at Paikuli, neither provide us with a rationale for the war of conquest waged against Rome, nor do they contain any explicit references to the historical predecessors of the Sasanians. This conflicting finding raises questions about historiographical practices in Sasanian Iran and Rome. Indeed, one wonders how Sasanians recorded their past, or the extent to which they were acquainted with it; equally important an inquiry is the nature of Roman knowledge of Sasanian history, as well as the sources whence it had been extracted. Only the elucidation of these problems would allow us to address our initial query, that is, whether the early Sasanians experienced an "Achaemenid revival" that might have shaped their political ideology and prompted their expansionist campaigns against the Roman empire; or whether the revival ascribed to the Sasanians by Roman literati was in reality a Roman interpretation comprehensible only in light of Roman political exigencies"--

Sassanids. --- Sassanides --- Arsacid dynasty, --- Iran --- Rome --- History --- Histoire --- Sassanids --- Ancient --- General --- General. --- Arsacid dynasty, - 247 B.C.-224 A.D. --- Iran - History - To 640 --- Rome - History - Empire, 30 B.C.-284 A.D. --- Arsacides (dynastie) --- Sassanides (dynastie)

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Emperors --- Empereurs --- Death --- Biography. --- Death. --- Biographies --- 30 B.C. - 284 A.D. --- Rome (Empire) --- Rome --- History --- Histoire --- Biography --- Emperors - Rome - Biography --- Rome - History - Empire, 30 B.C.-284 A.D.