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Munitions

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Chemical agents (Munitions)

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History and deployment of smart weapons. In the United States, efforts to develop precision guided munitions-PGMs-began during the First World War and resulted in an 'aerial torpedo' by the 1920's. While World War II was dominated by large-scale strategic bombing-essentially throwing out tons of free-falling munitions in the hope they hit something important-both sides in the war worked to develop airborne munitions that could be steered toward a target.

Precision guided munitions.

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Armes à feu. --- Munitions

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Internal masses that undergo controlled translation within a projectile have been shown to be effective control mechanisms for smart weapons. However, internal mass oscillation must occur at the projectile roll frequency to generate sufficient control force. This can lead to high power requirements and place a heavy burden on designers attempting to allocate volume within the projectile for internal mass actuators and power supplies. The work reported here outlines a conceptual design for an internal translating mass system using a cantilever beam and electromagnetic actuators. The cantilever beam acts as the moving mass, vibrating at the projectile roll frequency to generate control force. First, a dynamic model is developed to describe the system. Then, the natural frequency, damping ratio, and length of the beam are varied to study their effects on force required and total battery size. Trade studies also examine the effect on force required and total battery size of a roll-rate feedback system that actively changes beam elastic properties. Results show that with proper sizing and specifications, the cantilever beam control mechanism requires relatively small batteries and low actuator control forces, with minimum actuator complexity and space requirements.

Cantilevers. --- Precision guided munitions