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Examining a central change in European religious thought, this study investigates the changing roles of monks in society to help understand the reform of Christian ideology. It is based on extant monastic writings, including hagiography and polemics. The book explains the diversification of monasticism in this period as an outgrowth of a shift toward greater interest in lay religious life. Focusing on the German Empire, it examines monastic values in such areas as missionary work, public preaching, pilgrimage, and the polemics of the gregorian reform. The sections on the role of polemic as a catalyst and reflection of monastic change and on missionary activities as part of ecclesiastical reform are especially important for the historian of religion. The book fills an important gap in the study of central European monasticism.

Christian religious orders --- anno 1000-1099 --- Europe --- Eleventh century --- Elfde eeuw --- Onzième siècle --- Monasticism and religious orders --- Monachisme et ordres religieux --- History --- Histoire --- Church history --- Histoire religieuse --- 27 "04/14" --- 271 --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Middeleeuwen --- Kloosterwezen. Religieuze orden en congregaties. Monachisme --- Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Orders, Religious --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- 600-1500 --- Middle Ages, 500-1500 --- Monasticism and religious orders - Europe - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500.

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Monasticism and religious orders --- Church history --- History --- Europe --- 271 --- -Monasticism and religious orders --- -Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- Christianity --- Ecclesiastical history --- History, Church --- History, Ecclesiastical --- Kloosterwezen. Religieuze orden en congregaties. Monachisme --- Historiography --- -History --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- -Kloosterwezen. Religieuze orden en congregaties. Monachisme --- -Europe --- -271 --- Orders, Religious --- Monachism --- -Monasticism and religious orders - Europe - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Church history - 12th century --- Europe - Church history - 600-1500 --- -Christian religious orders --- History of Europe --- anno 1100-1199 --- Christian religious orders --- Church history -

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271.1 <45 FLORENCE> --- 235.3 "10" --- 235.3 "10" Hagiografie--?"10" --- 235.3 "10" Hagiographie--?"10" --- Hagiografie--?"10" --- Hagiographie--?"10" --- 271.1 <45 FLORENCE> Benedictijnen--Italië--FLORENCE --- Benedictijnen--Italië--FLORENCE --- Monasticism and religious orders --- History --- Miniatus, --- Cult --- Monastero di S. Miniato al Monte (Florence, Italy) --- Florence (Italy) --- Church history --- Monasticism and religious orders - Italy - Tuscany - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 - Congresses. --- Monasticism and religious orders - Europe - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 - Congresses. --- Minias m. Florentiae --- San Miniato --- Florence --- Miniatus, - Saint, - active 3rd century - Congresses. --- Miniatus, - Saint, - active 3rd century - Cult - Italy - Florence - Congresses. --- Florence (Italy) - Church history - Congresses. --- Miniatus, - Saint, - active 3rd century --- Miniatus, Saint, active 3rd century

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This work explores how twelfth-century Cistercian monks maintained their tradition of social withdrawal yet still played a pivotal political role in the world outside their monasteries. It argues that the Cistercians' political behaviour was neither a betrayal of their monastic ideal nor evidence of some inherent Cistercian paradox, but that such public involvement grew out of the monks' conception of their monastic life, notably the cluster of ideas associated with Christian love, or caritas. Skilfully integrating the religious, political, and economic components of Cistercian culture, the author shows that the boundaries of Cistercian monasteries were never impermeable to outside life. She reveals how Caritas provided an underpinning for the Cistercians' view of a Church bound by the spiritual progress of its members and explains the activities of those men who left their monasteries to enact this vision in the society around them.

Christian religious orders --- anno 1100-1199 --- anno 1000-1099 --- Europe --- Cistercians --- History --- Church history --- Histoire religieuse --- Monasticism and religious orders --- 27 "11" --- 271.12 --- -Monasticism and religious orders --- -Christianity --- Ecclesiastical history --- History, Church --- History, Ecclesiastical --- Christianity --- Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- Kerkgeschiedenis--?"11" --- Cisterciënzers. Bernardijnen --- Historiography --- -History --- -Zisterzienser --- White Monks --- Bernardines (Cistercian) --- Order of Cîteaux --- Cîteaux, Order of --- S. Ordo Cisterciensis --- Sacer Ordo Cisterciensis --- Ordo Cisterciensis --- Cisztercita Szerzetes --- Cisterciensi --- Řád cisterciáků --- Cisterciácký řád --- Cisterciens --- Trappists --- -Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- -Church history --- History. --- -Kerkgeschiedenis--?"11" --- -Cistercians --- 271.12 Cisterciënzers. Bernardijnen --- -27 "11" --- -271.12 Cisterciënzers. Bernardijnen --- Orders, Religious --- Zisterzienser --- Monasticism and religious orders - Europe - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Church history - 12th century

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This volume examines forms of interaction between monastic or mendicant communities and lay people in the high Middle Ages in Britain, France, the Low Countries, and Scandinavia. The nineteen papers explore these issues in geographically and chronologically diverse settings in a way that no English-language collection has yet attempted. It brings together the latest research from established as well as younger historians. The first section ‘Patrons and Benefactors: power, fashion, and mutual expectations’ examines lay involvement in foundations, the rights held by patrons, and how they used these powers, as well as networks of relationships within broader groups of benefactors. The authors demonstrate how changing fashions shaped the fortunes of particular orders and houses and explore how power relations between different types of patrons and benefactors - royal figures, kinship, and other social groupings - affected the mutual expectations of the various parties. The second section of the volume, entitled ‘Lay and Religious: negotiation, influence, and utility’, shows how lay people’s ideas of the role of religious houses could impact upon their patronage of, and support for, monastic or mendicant institutions. Conversely, religious communities offered multi-faceted benefits - practical, intellectual, or spiritual - for the secular world. The book concludes by focusing on the rapid growth of confraternities, their relation to their urban mendicant and monastic contexts, and how the role and forms of confraternities evolved in the late medieval period.

27 <4> --- 940.17 --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Europa --- Geschiedenis van Europa:--1096-1492 --- 940.17 Geschiedenis van Europa:--1096-1492 --- Benefactors --- Bienfaiteurs --- Laïcat --- Church history --- Laity --- Monasticism and religious orders --- History --- Catholic Church --- Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Orders, Religious --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- Christian laity --- Laymen --- Church polity --- Lay ministry --- Christianity --- Donors (Benefactors) --- Patrons (Benefactors) --- Persons --- Philanthropists --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Christian church history --- anno 1100-1199 --- anno 1200-1299 --- anno 1300-1399 --- anno 1000-1099 --- Western Europe --- Monachisme et ordres religieux --- Eglise --- Histoire --- Eglise catholique --- Europe --- To 1500 --- England --- Middle Ages, 500-1500 --- Monasticism and religious orders - Europe - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Benefactors - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Laity - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Laity - Catholic Church - History - To 1500 --- Church history - Middle Ages, 600-1500