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Infrastructure (Economics) --- Infrastructure (Economics)

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This review, developed in cooperation with UNICEF, provides Serbia with recommendations to help strengthen its evaluation and assessment system to focus on support for student learning. It will be of interest to Serbia, as well as other countries looking to make more effective use of their evaluation and assessment system to improve quality and equity, and result in better outcomes for all students.

Infrastructure (Economics)

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This volume deals with cross-border infrastructural cooperation during the Second World War. It compares the development of postal services, telecommunications, railways and shipping, and places its findings in the context of the long-term developments of European integration. It therefore calls into question the hitherto dominant assumption that the Second World War signalled a caesura in international cooperation. At the same time, the study shows that cross-border initiatives were undertaken not only in spite of the war, but sometimes precisely because of it. The individual contributions thus also intervene in the debate on 'New Europe'. With contributions by Valentine Aldebert, Claire Aslangul-Rallo, Julia Eichenberg, Pascal Griset, Christian Henrich-Franke, Jiří Janáč, Léonard Laborie, Martinal Libera, Sabrina Proschmann and Guido Thiemeyer.

Infrastructure (Economics)

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The authors bring new empirical evidence on the impact of the choice of ownership and regulatory regime on firms' productivity and prices paid by consumers. They collect the evidence from a sample of electricity distribution companies in Latin America. The authors rely on estimations of labor and operation and maintenance (O&M) input requirement functions using alternative econometric approaches. Their main conclusions are: 1. Private firms perform better (approximately 30 percent) than public firms. 2. The regulatory regimes matter, so that price-cap regulated firms do better than rate-of-return regulated firms, and firms regulated under hybrid regimes have intermediate performance. 3. Private firms operating under rate of return are at most as efficient as public firms. 4. There is no clear pattern of differences in electricity prices according to the regulatory regime. 5. Final prices fell in general but the drop did not match the productivity gains, implying that the operators and the state share some of the gains in the form of rents and higher tax revenue, respectively.

Infrastructure (Economics)

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The author reviews the recent economic research on emerging issues for infrastructure policies affecting poor people in developing countries. His main purpose is to identify some of the challenges the international community, and donors in particular, are likely to have to address over the next few years. He addresses six main issues: (1) the necessity of infrastructure in achieving the Millennium Development Goals; (2) the various dimensions of financing challenges for infrastructure; (3) the debate on the relative importance of urban and rural infrastructure needs; (4) the debate on the effectiveness of infrastructure decentralization; (5) what works and what does not when trying to target the needs of the poor, with an emphasis on affordability and regulation challenges; and (6) the importance of governance and corruption in the sector. The author concludes by showing how the challenges identified define a relatively well integrated agenda for both researchers and the international infrastructure community.

Infrastructure (Economics)