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Human remains (Archaeology)

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Human remains (Archaeology)

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Human remains (Archaeology)

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La mort d'autrui est une épreuve que les communautés humaines ont dû apprendre à surmonter dès les premiers temps de l'Humanité. Ce travail est une exploration des différentes réponses proposées par l'homme face au problème de la perte de l'autre à travers les gestes effectués sur le corps mort, depuis les soins thanatopraxiques jusqu'aux funérailles en plusieurs temps ou la création de reliques. La manipulation post-mortem des corps fournit régulièrement à l'archéologue des "dépôts secondaires" ou des dépôts primaires ayant subi des manipulations anthropiques post-dépositionnelles. Ces dépôts impliquent une gestion complexe et planifiée du processus funéraire et, en général, des gestes / pratiques / cérémonies en plusieurs épisodes. Cette thèse propose un éclaircissement des concepts et de la nomenclature liés à ces dépôts spécifiques. Une analyse transchronologique et transculturelle d'études de cas archéologiques et ethnologiques nous permet d'éclairer ces phénomènes mortuaires complexes dans leur dimension anthropologique. __ Human remains resulting from sophisticated mortuary treatments represent a preferred information source about the organization of societies and about the belief systems of ancient people. Thereby, on the archaeological field, secondary deposits, sacred artefacts made of humain bones or dismembered burials emerge as precious raw material in order to reconstruct gestures, practices and finally the symbolic discourse built around those dead who are selected to become particular protective entities, perhaps Ancestors. This work includes the study of double-funeral ceremonies and manipulations of human bones in funerary or ritual contexts but also complicated pre-funeral treatments (exposure, dismemberment, mummification) in a transcultural and transchronological perspective. Human remains and spatial data from archaeological contexts have been analyzed using a bioanthropological and traceological approach in order to reconstruct complex mortuary operating sequences. An ethnoarcheological study on multiple-steps funerals has been performed in order to interpret archaeological remains.

Human remains (Archaeology)

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Human remains recovered from archaeological sites can help us interpret lifetime events such as disease, physiological stress, injury and violent death, physical activity, tooth use, diet and demographic history of once-living populations. This is the first comprehensive synthesis of the emerging field of bioarchaeology. A central theme is the interaction between biology and behaviour, underscoring the dynamic nature of skeletal and dental tissues, and the influences of environment and culture on human biological variation. It emphasises research results and their interpretation, covering palaeopathology, physiological stress, skeletal and dental growth and structure, the processes of aging and biodistance. It will be a unique resource for students and researchers interested in biological and physical anthropology or archaeology.

Human remains (Archaeology) --- Human skeleton --- Analysis --- Human remains (Archaeology). --- Analysis.