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Zonder onderwerpscode: algemeen --- world crisis --- pandemic --- terrorist attack --- currency devaluation --- survivalblog.com --- surviving the end of the world

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This article examines how economic shocks affect individual well-being in developing countries. Using the case of a sudden and unanticipated currency devaluation in Botswana as a quasi-experiment, the article examines how this monetary shock affects individuals' evaluations of well-being. This is done by using microlevel survey data, which-incidentally-were collected in the days surrounding the devaluation. The chance occurrence of the devaluation during the time of the survey enables us to use pretreatment respondents, surveyed before the devaluation, as approximate counterfactuals for post-treatment respondents, surveyed after the devaluation. Estimates show that the devaluation had a large and significantly negative effect on individuals' evaluations of subjective well-being. These results suggest that macroeconomic shocks, such as unanticipated currency devaluations, may have significant short-term costs in the form of reductions in people's sense of well-being.

Currencies and Exchange Rates --- Currency Devaluation --- Debt Markets --- Economic Shocks --- Economic Theory & Research --- Emerging Markets --- Fiscal & Monetary Policy --- Quasi-Experiment --- Subjective Well-Being

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Devaluation of currency --- 333.825 --- 333.844 --- AA / International- internationaal --- GH / Ghana --- ID / Indonesia - Indonesie --- IN / India - Inde --- Currency devaluation --- Money --- Currency question --- Monetary policy --- Deviezenpolitiek. Interventies --- Devaluatie en opwaardering. Stabilisering. J curve --- Devaluation --- Devaluation of currency - India --- Devaluation of currency - Indonesia --- Devaluation of currency - Ghana

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Devaluation of currency --- Economic stabilization --- Fiscal policy --- Inflation (Finance) --- Monetary policy --- 330.05 --- 339.50981 --- 333.46 --- 333.481 --- 333.825 --- 333.844 --- BR / Brazil - Brazilië - Brésil --- Currency devaluation --- Money --- Monetaire toestand en evolutie --- Monetaire crisissen, hervormingen, saneringen en stabilisering --- Deviezenpolitiek. Interventies --- Devaluatie en opwaardering. Stabilisering. J curve --- Devaluation --- International finance --- Brazil --- Currency question

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This papers estimates the equilibrium exchange rate for Armenia using three different approaches: the purchasing power parity (PPP) approach, the behavioral equilibrium exchange rate (BEER) approach, and the external sustainability (ES) approach. All three approaches suggest that the dram was overvalued by about 20–30 percent prior to the devaluation of the dram in March 2009.

Finance --- Business & Economics --- International Finance --- Foreign exchange rates --- Devaluation of currency --- Currency devaluation --- Money --- Exchange rates --- Fixed exchange rates --- Flexible exchange rates --- Floating exchange rates --- Fluctuating exchange rates --- Foreign exchange --- Rates of exchange --- Devaluation --- Rates --- Currency question --- Monetary policy --- Foreign Exchange --- Production and Operations Management --- Price Level --- Inflation --- Deflation --- Macroeconomics: Production --- Currency --- Macroeconomics --- Real exchange rates --- Productivity --- Purchasing power parity --- Real effective exchange rates --- Production --- Industrial productivity --- Armenia, Republic of