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Criminal justice, Administration of --- Criminal registers --- Law enforcement --- Criminals --- History --- History. --- Criminal justice, Administration of - Germany - Kurmainz - History --- Criminal registers - Germany - Kurmainz - History. --- Criminals - Germany - Kurmainz - History. --- Law enforcement - Germany - Kurmainz - History.

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For over sixty million Americans, possessing a criminal record overshadows everything else about their public identity. A rap sheet, or even a court appearance or background report that reveals a run-in with the law, can have fateful consequences for a person’s interactions with just about everyone else. The Eternal Criminal Record makes transparent a pervasive system of police databases and identity screening that has become a routine feature of American life. The United States is unique in making criminal information easy to obtain by employers, landlords, neighbors, even cyberstalkers. Its nationally integrated rap-sheet system is second to none as an effective law enforcement tool, but it has also facilitated the transfer of ever more sensitive information into the public domain. While there are good reasons for a person’s criminal past to be public knowledge, records of arrests that fail to result in convictions are of questionable benefit. Simply by placing someone under arrest, a police officer has the power to tag a person with a legal history that effectively incriminates him or her for life. In James Jacobs’s view, law-abiding citizens have a right to know when individuals in their community or workplace represent a potential threat. But convicted persons have rights, too. Jacobs closely examines the problems created by erroneous record keeping, critiques the way the records of individuals who go years without a new conviction are expunged, and proposes strategies for eliminating discrimination based on criminal history, such as certifying the records of those who have demonstrated their rehabilitation.

Criminal records --- Arrest records --- Conviction records --- Criminal registers --- Inmate records --- Registers, Criminal --- Records --- Certificates of good conduct --- Access control --- Expungement

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The success of the four core freedoms of the EU has created fertile ground for transnational organised crime. Innovative, transnational legal weapons are therefore required by national authorities. The availability of data on criminal convictions is at the forefront of the debate. But which mechanism for availability can be used effectively while at the same time respecting an increasingly higher level of data protection at national level? In the fluid, post-'Reform Treaty' environment, the EU is moving towards the creation of a European Criminal Record which will ultimately secure availability of criminal data beyond the weaknesses of Mutual Legal Assistance mechanisms. Examining the concept of a European Criminal Record in its legal, political and data protection dimensions, this multidisciplinary study is an indispensable exploration of a major initiative in European Criminal Law which is set to monopolise the debate on EU judicial co-operation and enforcement.

Criminal law --- Criminal records --- Arrest records --- Conviction records --- Criminal registers --- Inmate records --- Registers, Criminal --- Records --- Certificates of good conduct --- Law --- General and Others

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Criminal law --- Criminal records --- Arrest records --- Conviction records --- Criminal registers --- Inmate records --- Registers, Criminal --- Records --- Certificates of good conduct --- Criminal law - European Union countries --- Criminal records - European Union countries - Databases --- Statistiques criminelles --- Pays de l'Union européenne

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Bases de données --- Criminaliteit --- Criminalité --- Databanken --- Police --- Criminal law --- Criminal records --- Droit pénal --- Casiers judiciaires --- European cooperation --- Coopération européenne --- Droit pénal --- Coopération européenne --- Arrest records --- Conviction records --- Criminal registers --- Inmate records --- Registers, Criminal --- Records --- Certificates of good conduct --- European cooperation.