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Since the end of the Cold War there has been an increased interest in the Baltics. The Baltic States brings together three titles, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, to provide a comprehensive and analytical guide integrating history, political science, economic development and contemporary events into one account. Since gaining their independence, each country has developed at its own pace with its own agenda and facing its own obstacles. The authors examine the tensions accompanying a post-communist return to Europe after the long years of separation and how each country has responded t

Baltic States. --- Baltic Republics --- Baltics (States)

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Les enseignements d'une décennie de transition dans les pays Baltes I. Vue d'ensemble du processus de transition -Contexte, et structure de l'étude -La période soviétique et point de départ similaire de la transition -Gestion de la transition : les différentes options choisies en 1990-98 -Évolutions et proble`mes dans l'économie réelle II. Situation et politique monétaire -Parallélisme institutionnel et similitude des choix politiques -Premières étapes de la stabilisation monétaire -Assurer la stabilisation et accroître la crédibilité de la politique monétaire -Viabilité du cadre monétaire III. Évolution comparée des politiques budgétaires -La politique budgétaire au coeur de la politique macroéconomique -Réforme du système fiscal -Gestion des dépenses -La crise russe : une source de divergence -Les enjeux à venir IV. Réforme du secteur bancaire et financier -Les banques se sont dans un premier temps multipliées... -... mais le manque de surveillance bancaire a favorisé un certain nombre de crises -L'intégration internationale et la financièrisation de l'économie se sont accélérées `a la suite de la crise financière Mise à l'épreuve des nouvelles structures financières : les crises asiatique et russe -Il est nécessaire de poursuivre la consolidation du secteur bancaire et la financiérisation de l' économie V. Réforme des entreprises et restructuration économique -La privatisation dans les pays Baltes : comparaison -Les liens entre privatisation et gouvernement d'entreprise -Aspects régionaux et sectoriels de la restructuration des entreprises VI. Marché du travail et politique sociale -La transition a provoqué un choc brutal -Les difficultés les plus graves ont été surmontées, mais une certaine pauvreté persiste VII. Intégration dans l'économie mondiale et coopération régionale -La libéralisation des échanges a entraîné un ajustement sectoriel Intégration économique des pays Baltes -La libéralisation de l'investissement étranger doit être poursuivie Bibliographie Annexes -I. L'agriculture en Estonie, en Lettonie et en Lituanie : évolutions et politiques -II. Annexe statistique.

Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Baltic States --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Baltic Republics --- Baltics (States)

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The Baltic macroregion is a platform for the development of different areas of international cooperation, which are an important factor affecting the socioeconomic growth of the region’s states. The deteriorating political relations between Russia and its Baltic neighbours complicate the development of mutual connections. However, economic and sociocultural cooperation and joint environmental projects continue despite all the difficulties. Based on recent studies carried out by Russian and Polish researchers, this book examines current trends in the socioeconomic development of the region’s countries and various forms of transboundary cooperation and provides recommendations for further development. Special attention is paid to sustainable environmental management and environmental protection, transboundary ties among companies and among people, the development of international tourism, opportunities for reinforcing the contact function of the border, and spatial planning. The book addresses theoretical problems that are of crucial significance to economic development and transboundary cooperation, namely, those of path dependence, the emerge.

Baltic States --- Baltic Republics --- Baltics (States) --- Geography. --- Geography, general. --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history

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"The First World War led to a radical reshaping of Europe's political borders like hardly any previous event. Nowhere was this transformation more profound than in East Central Europe, where the collapse of imperial rule led to the emergence of a series of new states. New borders intersected centuries-old networks of commercial, cultural, and social exchange. The new states had to face the challenges posed by territorial fragmentation and at the same time establish durable state structures within an international order that viewed them at best as weak and at worst as provisional entities that would sooner or later be reintegrated into their larger neighbours' territory. An International History of Fragmentation challenges the traditional view that the emergence of these states was the product of a radical rupture that naturally led from defunct empires to nation states. Using the example of Poland and the Baltic States, it retraces the roots of the interwar states of East Central Europe, of their policies, economic developments, and of their conflicts back to deep in the First World War. At the same time, it shows that these states learned to harness the dynamics caused by territorial fragmentation, thus forever changing our understanding of what modern states can do"--

Poland --- Europe, Central --- Europe, Eastern --- Baltic States --- Politics and government --- Baltic Republics --- Baltics (States)

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Former Soviet republics --- Politics and government --- European Union --- E.U. --- Membership --- Baltic States --- Baltic Republics --- Baltics (States)