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The continued existence of the Russian defence and arms industry (OPK) was called into question following the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991. Industry experts cited the lack of a domestic market, endemic corruption, and excess capacity within the industry as factors underpinning its predicted demise. However, the industry’s export customers in China, India and Iran during those early years became the OPK’s saving grace. Their orders introduced hard currency back into the industry and went a long way to preventing the forecasted OPK collapse. Although pessimistic predictions continued to plague the OPK throughout the 1990s, the valuable export dollars provided the OPK the breathing space it needed to claw back its competitive advantage as an arms producer. That revival has been further underpinned by a new political commitment, various research and development initiatives, and the restoration of defence industry as a tool of Russian foreign policy. The short-term future of the Russian OPK looks promising. The rising domestic defence order is beginning to challenge the export market as the OPK’s most important customer. Meanwhile, exports will be safeguarded by continued foreign demand for niche Russian defence products. Although the long-term future of the OPK is more difficult to predict, Russia’s solid research and development foundation and successful international joint military ventures suggest that the current thriving trend in exports is likely to continue. Russia represents the next generation of affordable and rugged military equipment for the arsenals of the developing world. Coupled with Russia’s growing ability to rearm itself through higher oil prices and a more streamlined defence industry, the future of the OPK looks bright.

Weapons industry --- Arms industry --- Military weapons industry --- Munitions --- Munitions industry --- Defense industries --- Russia --- Russia --- Social conditions. --- Economic conditions.

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De la boutique artisanale à l’atelier flexible, de la proto-industrie aux restructurations, les quatre siècles d’histoire des arsenaux de terre sont ceux des ingénieurs de l’Armement aux sources de la continuité de l’État et des « ouvriers de l’État » dont les privilèges, comme ceux de l’entrepreneur, redessinent l’Ancien Régime, et les statuts successifs les Empires et les Républiques, bref, les consensus nationaux. Les archives nationales et syndicales retracent l’élaboration de la rationalisation du travail ou du concept de « nationalisation » des programmes de gauche. Le syndicalisme naissant, le basculement vers le pacifisme des militants de 1918, l’engagement résistant de ceux de 1940, les révocations des années 1950, le pluralisme syndical de la fin du xxe siècle sont éclairés sous un nouveau jour. Étrange destin que celui d’hommes de paix travaillant pour la guerre ! Illustrissimes, l’on ignorait un peu de ce qu’ils furent : Danton, Thomas, Tillon, Gonin… Inconnus, ils sont parfois essentiels : Gervaise et Voilin, précurseurs de la CGT et de la gauche, les ingénieurs visionnaires Danzel ou Enjalbert… une multitude a contribué à façonner notre monde, militants des villes de manufacture et d’arsenal ou simples héritiers de dynasties ouvrières… Douze larges extraits de documents originaux dont 10 inédits, 32 illustrations, 24 graphiques et tableaux introduisent le lecteur dans cet univers qui n’est autre que le sien… et où la volonté politique l’emporte sur la fatalité, au rebours des idéologies dominantes.

Weapons industry --- Firearms industry and trade --- History. --- Employees --- Arms industry --- Military weapons industry --- Munitions --- Munitions industry --- Defense industries --- histoire --- État --- Grand Siècle --- armuriers --- globalisation

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Industrial economics --- Labour market --- Polemology --- Foreign trade. International trade --- wapenhandel --- Defense industries --- Defensie-industrie --- Industrie de la défense --- 875 Defensiegerelateerde industrie --- 874 Wapenhandel --- Weapons industry --- Arms industry --- Military weapons industry --- Munitions --- Munitions industry --- Case studies

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Weapons industry --- Defense industries --- Armes --- Industrie militaire --- International cooperation. --- Industrie --- Coopération internationale --- Europe --- Military policy. --- Politique militaire --- 870 Defensie en wapens --- 822.5 Europese Unie --- Arms industry --- Military weapons industry --- Munitions --- Munitions industry --- Coopération internationale --- International cooperation

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Chemical arms control. --- Chemical weapons --- Weapons industry --- Chemical arms control --- International Law --- Law, Politics & Government --- Treaties, International --- Arms industry --- Military weapons industry --- Munitions --- Munitions industry --- Defense industries --- Weapons of mass destruction --- Chemical weapons control --- Arms control --- Political aspects