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Joshua Parens provides an introduction to the thought of Alfarabi, a tenth-century Muslim political philosopher whose writings are particularly relevant today. Parens focuses on Alfarabi's Attainment of Happiness, in which he envisions the kind of government and religion needed to fulfill Islam's ambition of universal acceptance. Parens argues that Alfarabi seeks to temper the hopes of Muslims and other believers that one homogeneous religion might befit the entire world and counsels acceptance of the possibility of a multiplicity of virtuous religions. Much of Alfarabi's approach is built upon Plato's Republic, which Parens also examines in order to provide the necessary background for a proper understanding of Alfarabi's thought.

Islamic philosophy. --- Arabic philosophy --- Muslim philosophy --- Philosophy, Islamic --- Philosophy, Arab --- Fārābī. --- Abū Nasr Muhammed ibn Muhammed ibn Tarhān ibn Uzlag al-Farabi --- Alfarabius --- Alpharabius --- Fārābī --- Muhammed Ibn Muhammed (Abu Nasir) al-Farabi --- Islamic philosophy --- al-Fārābī, Abū-Nasr Muhammad. --- Farabi.

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Islamic philosophy --- Political science --- Philosophie islamique --- Science politique --- History --- Histoire --- Fåaråabåi --- Droit islamique --- Idees politiques --- Islam et politique --- Philosophy --- Philosophie --- Fārābī --- Fåaråabåi --- 297.17 --- 297.17 Islam: religieus geïnspireerde acties; fanatisme --- Islam: religieus geïnspireerde acties; fanatisme --- Political philosophy --- Arabic philosophy --- Muslim philosophy --- Philosophy, Islamic --- Philosophy, Arab --- Fārābī --- Abū Nasr Muhammed ibn Muhammed ibn Tarhān ibn Uzlag al-Farabi --- Alfarabius --- Alpharabius --- Muhammed Ibn Muhammed (Abu Nasir) al-Farabi --- al-Fārābī, Abū-Nasr Muhammad. --- Political science - Philosophy --- Philosophie islamique - Histoire --- Science politique - Philosophie --- Idees politiques - Histoire - 500-1500 (Moyen Age) --- Islam et politique - Histoire

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C'est un long cheminement qui a conduit la langue arabe de ses débuts à une expression philosophique. À partir du premier monument littéraire qui nous soit parvenu, le Coran, l'évolution a progressivement ajouté, à une langue et à une production très marquées par l'oralité, les caractères propres à l'écriture. À travers l'étude de la langue du Coran et du ḥadīṯ, à travers les disciplines religieuses comme le kalāmou le fiqh, à travers certaines formes littéraires, se sont longtemps manifestés les caractères de l'oralité. Tandis qu'avec les sciences et plus particulièrement la philosophie, les traits caractéristiques de l'écrit vont se trouver affirmés. C'est ce que cherchera à établir la seconde partie de ce travail en analysant ce que nous apporte l'œuvre de Farabi (870-950) dans sa réflexion sur le langage. Héritier des générations qui l'ont précédé, Farabi l'est aussi des grands penseurs de l'Antiquité grecque, et plus particulièrement de Platon et Aristote. Mais il réalisera une synthèse originale et posera une problématique qui lui est propre pour aborder, dans son Kitāb al-ḥurūf(Le livre des lettres), les questions de la naissance du langage et des sciences. Il en ressort un recours et un rapport au langage qui sont tout à fait différents de ceux de ses contemporains. Avec Farabi, la langue philosophique arabe est née, et cette langue a quitté le terrain de l'oralité pour celui de l'écrit. It was a long process which led the Arabic language from its beginnings to a philosophical expression. From the first literary masterpiece that was passed down to us, the Koran, evolution has progressively added, to a language and a literary output which were largely influenced by orality, characters peculiar to written tradition. It was in the study of Koranic and ḥadīthlanguages, in the religious disciplines such as kalāmand fiqhand in certain forms of literature that oral characteristics appeared for a long time pre-eminent. Whereas with sciences and more particularly…

Islamic philosophy --- Philosophy & Religion --- Philosophy --- Arabic philosophy --- Muslim philosophy --- Philosophy, Islamic --- Philosophy, Arab --- Fārābī --- Language. --- Qurʼan --- Language, style. --- Abū Nasr Muhammed ibn Muhammed ibn Tarhān ibn Uzlag al-Farabi --- Alfarabius --- Alpharabius --- Fārābī --- Muhammed Ibn Muhammed (Abu Nasir) al-Farabi --- Al-Coran --- Al-Qur'an --- Alcorà --- Alcoran --- Alcorano --- Alcoranus --- Alcorão --- Alkoran --- Coran --- Curān --- Gulan jing --- Karan --- Koran --- Koranen --- Korani --- Koranio --- Korano --- Ku-lan ching --- Ḳurʼān --- Kurāna --- Kurani --- Kuru'an --- Qorān --- Quräan --- Qurʼān al-karīm --- Qurʺon --- Xuraan --- Κοράνιο --- Каран --- Коран --- קוראן --- قرآن --- philosophie --- Langue arabe --- Islam --- linguistique

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Plotinus --- Augustine, --- Fârâbî --- Influence --- Comparative Classical Philosophy --- Fârâbî. --- Plotinus. --- Plotin --- Plotinos --- Abū Nasr Muhammed ibn Muhammed ibn Tarhān ibn Uzlag al-Farabi --- Alfarabius --- Alpharabius --- Fārābī --- Muhammed Ibn Muhammed (Abu Nasir) al-Farabi --- Avgustin, Blazhennyĭ, --- Augustinus, Aurelius, --- Augustyn, --- Augustin, --- Ughasṭīnūs, --- Agostino, --- Agustí, --- Augoustinos, --- Aurelius Augustinus, --- Augustinus, --- Agustín, --- Aurelio Agostino, --- Episkopos Ippōnos Augoustinos, --- Augoustinos Ipponos, --- Agostinho, --- Aurelli Augustini, --- Augustini, Aurelli, --- Aurelii Augustini, --- Augustini, Aurelii, --- Ōgostinos, --- Agostino, Aurelio, --- אוגוסטינוס הקדוש --- أغسطينوس، --- 奥古斯丁 --- Influence. --- al-Fārābī, Abū-Nasr Muhammad. --- Avgustin, --- Augustinus, Aurelius --- Agostinho --- Augustine of Hippo --- Augustine d'Hippone --- Agostino d'Ippona --- Augustin d'Hippone --- Augustinus Hipponensis, sanctus --- Sant'Agostino --- Augustinus van Hippo --- Aurelius Augustinus --- Aurelio Agostino --- 聖アウグスティヌス --- アウグスティヌス --- Boluoding --- Iflūṭīn --- Plotino --- Plōtinos --- Plotinus, --- Plotyn --- Πλωτι̂νος --- פלוטינוס --- أفلوطين --- Augustine --- Plotinus - Influence --- Augustine, - Saint, Bishop of Hippo

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Logic --- Language and logic. --- Linguistics and logic --- Logic in language --- Language and languages --- Semantics --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Terminology --- History. --- Methodology --- Fārābī --- Aristotle --- Aristoteles --- Aristote --- Arisṭāṭṭil --- Aristo, --- Aristotel --- Aristotele --- Aristóteles, --- Aristòtil --- Aristotile --- Arisṭū --- Arisṭūṭālīs --- Arisutoteresu --- Arystoteles --- Ya-li-shih-to-te --- Ya-li-ssu-to-te --- Yalishiduode --- Yalisiduode --- Ἀριστοτέλης --- Αριστοτέλης --- Аристотел --- ארסטו --- אריםטו --- אריסטו --- אריסטוטלס --- אריסטוטלוס --- אריסטוטליס --- أرسطاطاليس --- أرسططاليس --- أرسطو --- أرسطوطالس --- أرسطوطاليس --- ابن رشد --- اريسطو --- Pseudo Aristotele --- Pseudo-Aristotle --- アリストテレス --- Abū Nasr Muhammed ibn Muhammed ibn Tarhān ibn Uzlag al-Farabi --- Alfarabius --- Alpharabius --- Fārābī --- Muhammed Ibn Muhammed (Abu Nasir) al-Farabi --- Language. --- Contributions in logic. --- Logic - Terminology - History.