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This study on Flavia Julia Helena Augusta, mother of Constantine the Great, is divided into two parts. The purpose of the first part is to ascertain the facts of Helena's life on the basis of reliable historical sources. The second part deals with the legends concerning the discovery of the True Cross in Jerusalem by Helena. Fact and fiction, which are so often confused in the secondary literature, are carefully distinguished. The first part deals with subjects like Helena's life before the reign of Constantine, her residences in Trier and Rome, her conversion, her position at the court of Constantine, and her pilgrimage to the Holy Land. The second part investigates the origin, development and function of the legends of the discovery of the True Cross, which were developed in the 4th and 5th centuries: the Helena legend, the (Syriac) Protonike legend and the Judas Cyriacus legend. An appendix deals with the portraits of Helena.

Holy Cross --- Sainte Croix --- Legends --- Légendes --- Helena, --- Hélène, sainte (255-330) --- 7741 --- Helena --- -Cross --- Feast of the Cross --- Helena Saint --- Legends. --- -Legends --- Légendes --- Flavia Julia Helena, --- Helen, --- Елена, --- Elena, --- Hélène, --- Holy Cross - Legends --- Hélène, 255-330

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St Helena, mother of Constantine the Great and legendary finder of the True Cross, was appropriated in the middle ages as a British saint. The rise and persistence of this legend harnessed Helena's imperial and sacred status to portray her as a romance heroine, source of national pride, and a legitimising link to imperial Rome. This study is the first to examine the origins, development, political exploitation and decline of this legend, tracing its momentum and adaptive power from Anglo-Saxon England to the twentieth century. Using Latin, English, and Welsh texts, as well as church dedications and visual arts, the author examines the positive effect of the British legend on the cult of St Helena and the reasons for its wide appeal and durability in both secular and religious contexts. Two previously unpublished 'vitae' of St Helena are included in the volume: a Middle English verse 'vita' from the 'South English Legendary', and a Latin prose 'vita' by the twelfth-century hagiographer, Jocelin of Furness. ANTONINA HARBUS is a Research Fellow in the Department of English, University of Sydney.

Holy Cross --- Legends --- Helena, --- Flavia Julia Helena, --- Helen, --- Елена, --- Elena, --- Holy Cross - Legends --- Helena imperatrix --- Anglo-Saxon England. --- British saint. --- Church dedications. --- Constantine the Great. --- Imperial Rome. --- Legends. --- National pride. --- Romance heroine. --- St Helena. --- True Cross. --- Welsh texts.

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Esoteric sciences --- Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna --- Theosophists --- Theosophy --- Théosophes --- Théosophie --- Biography --- History --- Biographie --- Histoire --- Blavatsky, H. P. --- Biography. --- History. --- -Theosophy --- -Cosmology --- Religions --- Anthroposophy --- Religious adherents --- -Biography --- Théosophes --- Théosophie --- Blavat︠s︡kai︠a︡, Elena Petrovna, --- Radda-Baĭ, --- Blavatski, H. P., --- Blavatski, Yelena Petrovna, --- Blavatsky, Helene Petrovna Hahn-Hahn, --- H. P. B. --- HPB --- B., H. P. --- Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna, --- Blavatskai︠a︡, E. P. --- Блаватская, Елена, --- Блаватская, Е. П., --- Блаватская, Е. П. --- Blavatsky, Helena, --- Blavatsky, --- Theosophists - Biography. --- Theosophy - History.

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Theosophists --- Theosophy --- Great White Brotherhood --- Religion --- Philosophy & Religion --- Islam --- Cults --- Religious adherents --- Biography --- History --- Blavatsky, H. P. --- Friends and associates. --- Blavat︠s︡kai︠a︡, Elena Petrovna, --- Radda-Baĭ, --- Blavatski, H. P., --- Blavatski, Yelena Petrovna, --- Blavatsky, Helene Petrovna Hahn-Hahn, --- H. P. B. --- HPB --- B., H. P. --- Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna, --- Blavatskai︠a︡, E. P. --- Блаватская, Елена, --- Блаватская, Е. П., --- Блаватская, Е. П. --- Blavatsky, Helena, --- Blavatsky, --- Great White Brotherhood. --- History.

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This monograph lays the groundwork for a new approach of the characterization of the Homeric Helen, focusing on how she is addressed and named in the Iliad and the Odyssey and especially on her epithets. Her social identity in Troy and in Sparta emerges in the words used to address and name her. Her epithets, most of them referring to her beauty or her kinship with Zeus and coming mainly from the narrator, make her the counterpart of the heroes.

Epic poetry, Greek --- History and criticism --- Homer --- Helen, --- Elena, --- Helena, --- Helenē, --- Yelena, --- 海伦 , --- ヘレネー, --- הלנה, --- העלענע, --- 헬레네, --- Хелена, --- Єлена, --- Елена , --- هلن, --- هيلين, --- Ἑλένη, --- Homerus --- Hóiméar --- Hūmīrūs --- Homeros --- Gomer --- Omir --- Omer --- Omero --- Ho-ma --- Homa --- Homérosz --- האמער --- הומירוס --- הומר --- הומרוס --- هومر --- هوميروس --- 荷马 --- Ὅμηρος --- Гамэр --- Hamėr --- Омир --- Homère --- Homero --- 호메로스 --- Homerosŭ --- Homērs --- Homeras --- Хомер --- ホメーロス --- ホメロス --- Гомер --- Homeri --- Hema --- Pseudo-Homer --- Pseudo Omero --- Characters --- Helen. --- Language. --- In literature.