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Phytochemicals from natural products are now widely used as food additives (antioxidants, pigments), food supplements, cosmetic ingredients, etc. Currently, the majority of the extraction processes implemented on an industrial scale for the production of bioactive-enriched extracts are based on solvents of petroleum origin. However, contemporary trends in green extraction techniques dictate a minimization of solvent use, low-energy processes and novel eco-friendly materials that are environmentally benign. The search for liquids and/or extraction technologies that could meet such requirements is, therefore, an intriguing concept. This book addresses the concept of recovering natural bioactive substances from plant resources, using state-of-the-art extraction technologies, with prospects in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.

Research & information: general --- cosmeceutical product --- long-lived trees --- simplex-centroid mixture design --- deep eutectic solvents --- bioactivity --- flavonoids --- extraction --- deep eutectic solvents (DES) --- natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) --- Moringa oleifera --- polyphenols --- ultrasonication pretreatment --- antioxidants --- hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin --- potato peels --- grape seed --- grape skin --- green extraction --- antioxidant activity --- chlorogenic acid --- caffeine --- β-cyclodextrin --- coffee pulp --- sensory analysis --- cold brew --- n/a

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This is a reprint of the Special Issue "Cyclodextrin Chemistry and Toxicology”. This is a collection of eleven articles and three reviews that was published in Molecules that provides an overview of the applications of cyclodextrins, implements the information regarding the use of cyclodextrins and their inclusion complexes, considering both experimental and theorists approaches and using various scientific and technological tools.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- cyclodextrin --- sulfamethazine --- zwitterion --- host-guest complex --- thermodynamics --- nanosponges --- β-cyclodextrin --- glutathione --- cancer --- multicellular spheroids --- inclusion complexes --- solubilization --- nanosponge --- nanocarriers --- pharmaceutical applications --- molecular recognition phenomena --- molecular dynamics simulations --- drug delivery --- drug concentration --- dyeing --- textile finishing --- textile wastewater --- cyclodextrins --- HPβCD --- budesonide --- inflammation --- ROS --- Akt --- HDAC --- cholesterol --- medical imaging --- contrast agents --- α-cyclodextrin --- γ-cyclodextrin --- MRI --- PET --- CT --- SPECT --- PAI --- Cinnamomum osmophloeum --- linalool --- microencapsulation --- cyclodextrin inclusion --- solution-phase --- solid state --- antiretroviral --- 3-hydroxyflavone (3HF) --- γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) --- excited-state proton transfer (ESPT) --- molecular dynamics (MD) --- density functional theory (DFT) --- cyclodextrin polymers --- synthesis --- separation science --- materials science --- biomedicine --- retinal explant --- cytotoxicity --- uptake --- risperidone --- inclusion complex --- randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin --- compatibility studies --- excipients --- solubility --- stability --- aggregation --- doxorubicin --- nanoparticles --- alveograph --- wheat dough --- bread staling --- cyclodextrin --- sulfamethazine --- zwitterion --- host-guest complex --- thermodynamics --- nanosponges --- β-cyclodextrin --- glutathione --- cancer --- multicellular spheroids --- inclusion complexes --- solubilization --- nanosponge --- nanocarriers --- pharmaceutical applications --- molecular recognition phenomena --- molecular dynamics simulations --- drug delivery --- drug concentration --- dyeing --- textile finishing --- textile wastewater --- cyclodextrins --- HPβCD --- budesonide --- inflammation --- ROS --- Akt --- HDAC --- cholesterol --- medical imaging --- contrast agents --- α-cyclodextrin --- γ-cyclodextrin --- MRI --- PET --- CT --- SPECT --- PAI --- Cinnamomum osmophloeum --- linalool --- microencapsulation --- cyclodextrin inclusion --- solution-phase --- solid state --- antiretroviral --- 3-hydroxyflavone (3HF) --- γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) --- excited-state proton transfer (ESPT) --- molecular dynamics (MD) --- density functional theory (DFT) --- cyclodextrin polymers --- synthesis --- separation science --- materials science --- biomedicine --- retinal explant --- cytotoxicity --- uptake --- risperidone --- inclusion complex --- randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin --- compatibility studies --- excipients --- solubility --- stability --- aggregation --- doxorubicin --- nanoparticles --- alveograph --- wheat dough --- bread staling

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This book focuses on the design of polymeric delivery systems for biomedical and nanomedicine applications as well as on understanding how such biomaterials interact in the physiological environment. The reader will find an encompassing view on the state-of-the-art of polymeric carriers, showing how current research deals with new stimuli-responsive systems for cancer therapies and biomedical challenges, namely overcoming the skin barrier. The published papers cover topics ranging from novel production methods and insights on hybrid polymers to applications as diverse as nanoparticles, hydrogels and microneedles for antifungal skin therapy, peptide and siRNA delivery, enhanced skin absorption of bioactive molecules, and anticancer therapy. The book comprises one review paper and nine research papers.

Technology: general issues --- osteoarthritis --- monosodium iodoacetate --- p47phox --- PLGA nanoparticles --- reactive oxygen species --- full factorial design --- optimization --- metronidazole --- nanocomposites --- sodium alginate --- chitosan --- PLGA --- hybrid polymers --- chitosan-PLGA polymer --- NMR --- DSC --- FT-IR --- covalent drug conjugation --- therapeutic nanodevice --- polymeric nanoparticles --- cancer therapy --- controlled drug delivery --- redox responsive PEG-block-PLA --- nanocarriers --- disulfide bond --- controlled release --- retinol --- nanosponge --- hydrogel --- Box–Behnken design --- pharmacokinetic --- terbinafine hydrogel --- niacinamide --- polyethene glycol (PEG) 400 --- solvent --- dermal delivery --- finite dose --- porcine skin --- dissolving microneedles --- multiple sclerosis --- PLP --- transdermal delivery --- tyrosol --- nanoparticles --- Design of Experiment (DoE) --- β cyclodextrin --- DNA binding --- glyconanoparticles --- immunotherapy --- infectious diseases --- mannose receptors --- nutraceuticals --- n/a --- Box-Behnken design

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The preservation of freshness of fruits and vegetables until their consumption is the aim of many research activities. The quality losses of fresh fruit and vegetables during cold chain are frequently attributable to an inappropriate use of postharvest technologies. Moreover, especially when fresh produce is transported to distant markets, it is necessary to adopt proper storage solutions in order to preserve the initial quality.Nowadays, for each step of the supply chain (packing house, cold storage rooms, precooling center, refrigerate transport, and distribution), innovative preservation technologies are available that, alone or in combination, could preserve the fresh products in order to maintain the principal quality and nutritional characteristics. In this Special Issue, these preservation technologies will be described, highlighting their effect on quality maintenance.

sweet potatoes --- cutting styles --- quality --- antioxidant activity --- peach --- chilling injury --- internal circulation system --- low fluctuation of temperature --- TiO2 photocatalytic --- storage quality --- β-cyclodextrin --- inclusion complex --- carvacrol --- essential oils --- active packaging --- citrus --- shelf life --- decay incidence --- Lactuca sativa L. --- minimally processed lettuce --- modified atmosphere packaging --- oxalic acid --- table grapes --- Botrytis cinerea --- grey mould --- spoilage microbes --- post-harvest --- modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) --- ozone (O3) --- antimicrobial compounds --- preservatives --- biocontrol --- cold atmospheric plasma --- microbes --- disinfection --- non-hazardous --- inactivation --- foodborne pathogen --- kinetic model --- Peleg constant --- papaya --- respiration rate --- nanoparticles coating --- active cardboard box --- plasma-activated water

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Recently, there has been a growing awareness of the need to make better use of natural resources. Hence, the utilization of biomass has led to so-called biorefinery, consisting of the fractionation or separation of the different components of the lignocellulosic materials in order to achieve a total utilization of the same, and not only of the cellulosic fraction for paper production. The use of plant biomass as a basic raw material implies a shift from an economy based on the exploitation of non-renewable fossil fuels, with limited reserves or with regeneration cycles far below the rates of exploitation, to a bioeconomy based on the use of renewable organic natural resources, with balanced regeneration and extraction cycles. To make this change, profound readjustments in existing technologies are necessary, as well as the application of new approaches in research, development, and production."Biorefinery" is the term used to describe the technology for the fractionation of plant biomass into energy, chemicals, and consumer goods. The future generation of biorefinery will include treatments, leading to high-value-added compounds. The use of green chemistry technologies and principles in biorefineries, such as solvent and reagent recovery and the minimization of effluent and gas emissions, is essential to define an economically and environmentally sustainable process.In particular, the biorefinery of lignocellulosic materials to produce biofuels, chemicals and materials is presented as a solid alternative to the current petrochemical platform and a possible solution to the accumulation of greenhouse gases.

Research & information: general --- lignocellulosic biomass --- solid-state fermentation --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- aerated bioreactor --- Aspergillus oryzae --- lignin --- lignocellulose --- aromatics --- biobased --- epoxy --- fatty acid --- biopolymers --- biobased materials --- biorenewable --- bio-based filament --- 3D printing --- sugarcane bagasse pulp --- barley straw --- composite --- flexural strength --- biobased polyethylene --- nanocellulose --- β-cyclodextrin --- cryogels --- films --- biomaterials --- cellulose --- dialdehyde cellulose --- organosilane chemistry --- 29Si NMR --- solid state NMR --- silanization --- lignocellulose valorization --- 'lignin-first' --- reductive catalytic fractionation --- lignocellulose nanofibers --- horticultural residues --- paperboard --- recycling --- biosurfactants --- enzymatic saccharification --- fermentation --- quinoa saponins --- steam-pretreated spruce --- lignocellulosic material --- xylose --- furfural --- iron chloride --- microwave reactor --- biorefinery --- electrosynthesis --- biomass --- carbohydrate --- saccharides --- electro-oxidation --- electroreduction --- residue --- agro-industry --- high-value products --- banana --- torrefaction --- Jerusalem artichoke --- biofuel --- energy crops --- agiculture --- micro-fibrillated cellulose --- formaldehyde adhesives --- wood-based panels --- kraft lignin --- adsorbent material --- copper adsorption --- H2S adsorption --- H2S removal --- lignocellulosic biomass --- solid-state fermentation --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- aerated bioreactor --- Aspergillus oryzae --- lignin --- lignocellulose --- aromatics --- biobased --- epoxy --- fatty acid --- biopolymers --- biobased materials --- biorenewable --- bio-based filament --- 3D printing --- sugarcane bagasse pulp --- barley straw --- composite --- flexural strength --- biobased polyethylene --- nanocellulose --- β-cyclodextrin --- cryogels --- films --- biomaterials --- cellulose --- dialdehyde cellulose --- organosilane chemistry --- 29Si NMR --- solid state NMR --- silanization --- lignocellulose valorization --- 'lignin-first' --- reductive catalytic fractionation --- lignocellulose nanofibers --- horticultural residues --- paperboard --- recycling --- biosurfactants --- enzymatic saccharification --- fermentation --- quinoa saponins --- steam-pretreated spruce --- lignocellulosic material --- xylose --- furfural --- iron chloride --- microwave reactor --- biorefinery --- electrosynthesis --- biomass --- carbohydrate --- saccharides --- electro-oxidation --- electroreduction --- residue --- agro-industry --- high-value products --- banana --- torrefaction --- Jerusalem artichoke --- biofuel --- energy crops --- agiculture --- micro-fibrillated cellulose --- formaldehyde adhesives --- wood-based panels --- kraft lignin --- adsorbent material --- copper adsorption --- H2S adsorption --- H2S removal