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Life imprisonment is a complex and drastic penal sanction. It gives the State the power to curtail the liberty of offenders for the rest of their lives. In many jurisdictions life imprisonment is the ultimate sanction for the most serious crimes. It is frequently touted as an alternative to the death penalty. At the same time, life imprisonment is often imposed as a preventive measure, where the offence alone does not justify using the ultimate sanction in the penal arsenal. The complexity of life imprisonment is frequently overlooked. Often it is assumed that it is not as drastic as it sounds, as it will not be enforced for the whole life of the offender. There may also be a reluctance to subject life imprisonment to close scrutiny, lest its perceived suitability as an alternative to the death penalty be undermined. This book tackles the complexity of life imprisonment head on by describing how various forms of it are imposed and implemented in the United States of America, in England and Wales and in Germany, as well as in the emerging international system of criminal justice. From this basis it examines the justifications advanced for life imprisonment and the modifications that have resulted in individual jurisdictions in response to criticisms of its imposition and implementation. At the same time, the book develops a more general critique of life imprisonment. It evaluates it against constitutional human rights standards that have been developed in many jurisdictions to judge the acceptability of punishment generally. It concludes that some current practices in both the imposition and implementation of life imprisonment clearly are fundamentally unacceptable, but that questions remain, even about carefully implemented life sentences imposed for the most serious crimes. The jurisprudential analysis provides the basis for a major re-evaluation of life imprisonment and raises doubts about the unquestioning acceptance of this ultimate penalty.

Life imprisonment. --- Life imprisonment --- Réclusion à perpétuité --- Criminal justice, Administration of. --- Administration of criminal justice --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Justice, Administration of --- Crime --- Criminal law --- Criminals --- Prison sentences --- Law and legislation --- Comparison of law --- International criminal law --- Penitentiary law --- Criminal law, International --- ICL (International criminal law) --- International law --- Criminal jurisdiction --- International crimes --- Droit comparé --- Droit international --- Peines --- Comparison of law. --- International criminal law. --- Penitentiary law. --- Peines d'emprisonnement a vie

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Prisoners --- Prisons --- Prisonniers --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Law and legislation --- Droit --- 342.7-058.56 --- Corrections --- -Imprisonment --- -Confinement --- Incarceration --- Correctional services --- Penology --- 342.7-058.56 Grondwettelijke rechten en vrijheden van gevangenen --- Grondwettelijke rechten en vrijheden van gevangenen --- Cross-cultural studies --- -342.7-058.56 Grondwettelijke rechten en vrijheden van gevangenen --- Confinement --- Detention of persons --- Punishment --- Prison-industrial complex --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Comité P --- imprisonment --- -fængsling --- odnětí svobody --- fängelsestraff --- encarceramento --- priġunerija --- ieslodzījums --- burgim --- emprisonnement --- encarcelamiento --- Inhaftierung --- carcerazione --- zapor --- kazna zatvora --- vangistus --- лишување од слобода --- vankeus --- лишаване от свобода --- detențiune --- odňatie slobody --- szabadságelvonás --- gevangenisstraf --- φυλάκιση --- įkalinimas --- pozbawienie wolności --- казна затвора --- zatvaranje --- solitary confinement --- одземање на слободата --- reclusione --- detention --- vapaudenriisto --- ndalim --- затворање --- reclusão --- vrijheidsbeneming --- казна затвор --- szabadságvesztés --- Freiheitsentzug --- internering --- detenção --- bebörtönöztetés --- vanglakaristus --- imprigionamento --- samotka --- куќен притвор --- vrijheidsstraf --- brīvības atņemšana --- uvěznění --- straffarbete --- κράτηση --- detenzione --- притворање --- zbavenie slobody --- uväznenie --- vangin eristäminen --- одредување мерка притвор --- fogvatartás --- vabadusekaotus --- κάθειρξη --- üksikvangistus --- réclusion --- kalinimas vienutėje --- bewaring --- börtönbüntetés --- hechtenis --- oduzimanje slobode --- deprivation of liberty --- detenție --- regim de carceră --- laisvės atėmimas --- Freiheitsentziehung --- frihetsberövande --- arest --- privação da liberdade --- pidättäminen --- opsluiting --- privación de libertad --- sulaikymas --- reclusión --- frihedsberøvelse --- privazione della libertà --- heqje e lirisë --- magánzárka --- détention --- privation de liberté --- privare de libertate --- στέρηση ελευθερίας --- School-to-prison pipeline --- príosúnacht --- Emprisonnement --- Exécution des peines --- Corrections. --- Imprisonment. --- Statut juridique --- Études comparatives. --- -imprisonment --- fængsling --- -Cross-cultural studies

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In many jurisdictions today, life imprisonment is the most severe penalty that can be imposed. Despite this, it is a relatively under-researched form of punishment and no meaningful attempt has been made to understand its full human rights implications. This important collection fills that gap by addressing these two key questions: what is life imprisonment and what human rights are relevant to it? These questions are explored from the perspective of a range of jurisdictions, in essays that draw on both empirical and doctrinal research. Under the editorship of two leading scholars in the field, this innovative and important work will be a landmark publication in the field of penal studies and human rights.

Life imprisonment. --- Prison sentences --- Life imprisonment

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Alternatives to imprisonment --- Criminals --- Rehabilitation --- Crime and criminals --- Delinquents --- Offenders --- Persons --- Crime --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Criminology --- Alternative punishments --- Alternatives to incarceration --- Alternatives to institutionalization (Corrections) --- Imprisonment alternatives --- Intermediate sanctions --- Non-custodial punishments --- Prison alternatives --- Punishment --- Prisoners --- Deinstitutionalization --- Alternatives to imprisonment - Europe --- Criminals - Rehabilitation - Europe --- Autriche --- Belgique --- Royaume-Uni --- Finlande --- France --- Allemagne --- Grèce --- Irlande --- Italie --- Pays-Bas --- Slovénie --- Espagne --- Substituts à l'emprisonnement --- Réhabilitation --- Pays de l'Union européenne

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Convict labor --- Dwangarbeid van gevangenen --- Gevangenen--Dwangarbeid --- Lease system --- Prison industries --- Prison labor --- Prisonniers--Travaux forcés --- Travaux forcés de prisonniers --- Travaux forcés --- Convict labor. --- Travaux forcés --- Forced labor --- Prisoners --- Droit comparé --- Peines --- Droits de l'homme --- Esclavage --- Travail force --- Travail penitentiaire