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Institutions that allow for the accumulation of capital were as crucial to economic growth throughout history as they are today. But whereas historians often focus on the precursors of modern banking institutions, little is known of any alternatives that may have served similar purposes prior to their rise. This study focuses on the institutional framework of markets for 'renten', a type of long-term debt that enabled economic development in much of Northwest Europe in the late Middle Ages. In the county of Holland, these markets allowed large segments of the public and private sectors to reallocate capital. This study thus uncovers the medieval capital markets in the region that was to become the core of the Dutch Republic.

Capital market --Netherlands --History --To 1500. --- Finance --Netherlands --History --To 1500. --- Capital market --- Finance --- Investment & Speculation --- Business & Economics --- History --- Funding --- Funds --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Economics --- Currency question --- Financial institutions --- Loans --- Money market --- Securities --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Efficient market theory --- Financiën. --- Investeringen. --- Kapitaalmarkt. --- Nederland.

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The Uses of Justice in Global Perspective, 1600–1900 presents a new perspective on the uses of justice between 1600 and 1900 and confronts prevailing Eurocentric historiography in its examination of how people of this period made use of the law.Between 1600 and 1900 the towns in Western Europe, the Kingdoms in Eastern Europe, the Empires in Asia and the Colonial States in Asia and the Americas were all characterised by a plurality of legal orders resulting from interactions and negotiations between states, institutions, and people with different backgrounds. Through exploring how justice is used within these different areas of the world, this book offers a broad global perspective, but it also adopts a fresh approach through shifting attention away from states and onto how ordinary people lived with and made use of this ‘legal pluralism’.Containing a wealth of extensively contextualised case studies and contributing to debates on socio-legal history, processes of state formation from below, access to justice, and legal pluralism, The Uses of Justice in Global Perspective, 1600–1900 questions to what degree top-down imposed formal institutions were used and how, and to what degree, bottom-up crafted legal systems were crucial in allowing transactions to happen. It is ideal for students and scholars of early modern justice, crime and legal history.

Law --- Justice, Administration of --- Legal polycentricity --- Bijuralism --- Legal pluralism --- Pluralism, Legal --- Polycentric law --- Polycentricity, Legal --- Conflict of laws --- Legal history --- History --- History and criticism --- Droit --- Justice --- Pluralisme juridique --- History. --- Législation --- Histoire --- Administration --- Histoire. --- Law - History. --- Justice, Administration of - History. --- Legal polycentricity - History. --- Législation