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Twenty million people have been exposed to Chernobyl radionuclides through the Dnieper River aquatic pathways. This book presents a 20-year historical overview and comprehensive study results of the aquatic environment affected by the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident. During this time, many water quality management practices and countermeasures were enacted. The book presents in-depth analyses of these water remediation actions, using current science and mathematical modeling, and discusses why some were successful, but many others failed. The chapter entitled Where Do We Go From Here? incorporates a comprehensive discussion of the planned New Safe Confinement (NSC) structure to cover the Chernobyl plant. The book closes with a summary and conclusions drawn from these analyses, making it a valuable reference tool for the future. This book will be of interest to engineers, scientists, decision-makers, and those involved in radiation protection and radioecology, environmental protection and risk assessment, water remediation and mitigation measures, and radioactive waste disposal. In addition, the detailed, almost day-to-day, emergency responses to the Chernobyl accident described in this book will also be useful to people developing emergency and long-term responses to accidental or intentional (by terrorists) releases of radionuclides, toxic chemicals and biological agents.

Radioactive pollution of water --- Radiation --- Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Chornobylʹ, Ukraine, 1986 --- Safety measures. --- Environmental aspects. --- Radiation monitoring --- Radiation protection --- Radioactive substances --- Radioactive substances in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Radioactive waste disposal --- Water --- Pollution --- Environmental pollution. --- Pollution. --- Environmental sciences. --- Environmental protection. --- Environmental management. --- Environmental toxicology. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Pollution, general. --- Environment, general. --- Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection. --- Environmental Management. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Ecotoxicology --- Pollutants --- Environmental health --- Toxicology --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Environmental quality management --- Protection of environment --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental policy --- Environmental quality --- Environmental science --- Science --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Environmental aspects --- Water pollution. --- Environment. --- Radiation protection. --- Radiation—Safety measures. --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Population biology --- Ecology

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Twenty million people have been exposed to Chernobyl radionuclides through the Dnieper River aquatic pathways. This book presents a 20-year historical overview and comprehensive study results of the aquatic environment affected by the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident. During this time, many water quality management practices and countermeasures were enacted. The book presents in-depth analyses of these water remediation actions, using current science and mathematical modeling, and discusses why some were successful, but many others failed. The chapter entitled Where Do We Go From Here? incorporates a comprehensive discussion of the planned New Safe Confinement (NSC) structure to cover the Chernobyl plant. The book closes with a summary and conclusions drawn from these analyses, making it a valuable reference tool for the future. This book will be of interest to engineers, scientists, decision-makers, and those involved in radiation protection and radioecology, environmental protection and risk assessment, water remediation and mitigation measures, and radioactive waste disposal. In addition, the detailed, almost day-to-day, emergency responses to the Chernobyl accident described in this book will also be useful to people developing emergency and long-term responses to accidental or intentional (by terrorists) releases of radionuclides, toxic chemicals and biological agents.

Nuclear physics --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- Radiotherapy. Isotope therapy --- Water supply. Water treatment. Water pollution --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- deeltjesfysica --- stralingshygiëne --- farmacologie --- waterverontreiniging --- milieubeleid --- milieuzorg --- kernenergie --- milieubeheer --- milieuanalyse

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Polar Seas Oceanography  describes a new tool called the Generic Model System for simulations and assessment of potential radioactive spreading in the Arctic regions, through rivers, estuaries, regional seas and the Arctic and Atlantic basin. It considers the present and future potential for spreading of radionuclear pollution from sources, such as from the major Russian processing plants through Siberian rivers as well as from European sources such as the UK Sellafield plant. The book provides support for decision making involving risk prevention, forecasting and readiness for probable crises, alerting and detection, relief and mitigation and damage assessment. The book combines the expertise of professionals from the radionuclear and climate-change sciences.

Space research --- Geodesy. Cartography --- Hydrosphere --- Geology. Earth sciences --- fotogrammetrie --- geografie --- geologie --- aarde (astronomie) --- oceanografie --- sensoren