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"At present, variable-frequency, positional and tracking electric drives (ED), which perform controlled convesion of electric energy into the energy of mechanical motion of working bodies, are the main executive part of the automation systems of industrial mechanisms, machines and technological facilities. The scope of variable-frequency EDs is rather large: from high-power electric engineering to various areas of utilities and household devices. The use of variable-frequency ED makes it possible to reduce electricity consumption by 20-50% due to the application of mechanisms in which the motors are designed for maximum load, and the average daily load is 60-80%. At the same time, the operating conditions of motors and mechanisms in general are improved due to the exclusion of dynamic shocks, starting overloads and current limitations Thus, the use of variable-frequency ED allows creating an efficient energy-saving technology, the use of which enables not only saving electricity but also increasing the service life of the equipment. However, despite the simplicity and efficiency of modern variable-frequency ED systems, their proper functioning depends on the reliable operation of the motor, the three-phase off-line voltage invertor and the control system, as each of these components may malfunction. Electric motor malfunctions are the most significant share of the variable-frequency ED faults. The most essential percentage of IM failures is caused by the damage in the stator power circuit. In most cases, such a damage develops gradually and eventually results in the complete failure of the electric machine. That is, IM operates for a long time with a damage in the early stages of its development. Such operating modes are characterized by the fact that the system does not lose its operability, but the indicators of the control quality significantly worsen. The energy efficiency of the energy conversion process deteriorates; the energy losses essentially increase and variable components of electromagnetic torque and active power consumption appear. Long operation of ED systems in such modes results in the further development of defects, and, ultimately, in the complete failure of the electric machine, which may cause accidents. The termination of ED systems operation due to the above problems, on the one hand, and the ever-increasing trend of expanding the scope of variable-frequency ED with an IM in industry, on the other hand, turns the issue of their reliability and fault tolerance into the problem of paramount importance. The timely detection and elimination of IM damage in the early stages of their development can extend the technological equipment life and reduce the financial losses caused by unforeseen shutdown of the equipment due to technological failure or failure of IM. Thus, fault-tolerant control systems (FTC) are of particular interest. They are capable of detecting various types of damage at the initial stage and promptly adapt the control law in such a way as to preserve the ED operability for a long period of time until the possibility of IM repair or replacement occurs. That is, the most efficient use of the FTC system is industrial equipment, which should continue to operate despite the deterioration of dynamic performance and energy efficiency"--

Electric motors, Induction --- Fault tolerance (Engineering) --- Automatic control.

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Pumping machinery, Electric.