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This book provides a concise overview of our understanding of the entire mantle, its evolution since early differentiation and the consequences of superplumes for earth surface processes. The balanced, international authorship of the 18 contributions has produced a state-of-the-science report on the emerging concept of superplumes and has documented the potential of superplumes to serve as a testable model for future studies. The topic of superplume dynamics has been treated from different angles covering the sub-disciplines of geology, geochemistry, petrology as well as geophysics (including mineral physics, seismic tomography and mantle dynamics). For instance, it is shown how transport of heat via superplumes, huge stable pipes connecting the high-temperature core with the surface land mass, could have caused mass extinctions and drastic environmental change. Audience: Scientists, researchers and graduate students in geology, geochemistry and geophysics, planetary scientists, astrobiologists and environmental engineers. .

Mantle plumes. --- Plate tectonics. --- Earth --- Mantle. --- Tectonics, Plate --- Geodynamics --- Plumes (Fluid dynamics) --- Physical geography. --- Mineralogy. --- Geochemistry. --- Planetology. --- Geology. --- Geophysics/Geodesy. --- Historical Geology. --- Physical geology --- Crystallography --- Minerals --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Geography --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Natural history --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Geophysics. --- Historical geology. --- Geology --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics --- Physics

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This book provides a concise overview of our understanding of the entire mantle, its evolution since early differentiation and the consequences of superplumes for earth surface processes. The balanced, international authorship of the 18 contributions has produced a state-of-the-science report on the emerging concept of superplumes and has documented the potential of superplumes to serve as a testable model for future studies. The topic of superplume dynamics has been treated from different angles covering the sub-disciplines of geology, geochemistry, petrology as well as geophysics (including mineral physics, seismic tomography and mantle dynamics). For instance, it is shown how transport of heat via superplumes, huge stable pipes connecting the high-temperature core with the surface land mass, could have caused mass extinctions and drastic environmental change. Audience: Scientists, researchers and graduate students in geology, geochemistry and geophysics, planetary scientists, astrobiologists and environmental engineers.

Solar system --- Astrophysics --- Geophysics --- Geochemistry --- Rocks. Minerals --- Geology. Earth sciences --- geochemie --- mineralogie --- zonnestelsel --- astrofysica --- geologie --- planeten --- geofysica

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This book covers the new topic of GPU computing with many applications involved, taken from diverse fields such as networking, seismology, fluid mechanics, nano-materials, data-mining , earthquakes ,mantle convection, visualization. It will show the public why GPU computing is important and easy to use. It will offer a reason why GPU computing is useful and how to implement codes in an everyday situation.

Fluid mechanics --- Physicochemistry --- Organic reaction mechanisms and kinetics --- Geophysics --- Applied physical engineering --- Computer science --- Information systems --- Computer. Automation --- Physical geography --- thermodynamica --- data mining --- computers --- fysische geografie --- mechanica --- geofysica --- computerkunde --- kogellagers --- fysicochemie --- numerieke analyse --- gegevensverwerking