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This dissertation investigates the effects of grinding on the surface integrity, flexural strength, and contact damage resistance of coated hardmetals, specifically focusing on TiN-coated WC-Co cemented carbides. It examines how different surface finish conditions—such as as-sintered, ground, mirror-polished, and ground with thermal treatment—affect mechanical and tribological properties. The study reveals that grinding significantly alters the surface integrity of hardmetals, influencing roughness, residual stresses, and microcracking. These changes impact the performance and failure mechanisms of coated tools, with grinding enhancing certain properties like strength and damage resistance. The research contributes to a better understanding of the interactions between surface treatments and material properties, offering insights for improving manufacturing processes for hardmetals. The intended audience includes materials scientists and engineers involved in tool manufacturing and surface engineering.
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We analyze the prices of owner-occupied housing in 97 metropolitan areas between 1980 and 2011. Our tests indicate that price changes exhibit positive serial correlation at the one year intervals, with subsequent reversals of price changes over longer intervals. Consistent with our simple model, regional differences in observed price patterns reflect differences in the serial correlation of the demand shocks as well as the elasticity of supply responses.
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We analyze the prices of owner-occupied housing in 97 metropolitan areas between 1980 and 2011. Our tests indicate that price changes exhibit positive serial correlation at the one year intervals, with subsequent reversals of price changes over longer intervals. Consistent with our simple model, regional differences in observed price patterns reflect differences in the serial correlation of the demand shocks as well as the elasticity of supply responses.
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We provide a comprehensive assessment of leading monetary policy frameworks away from and at the ELB. Inflation targeting, dual mandate, average inflation targeting under 4- and 10-period horizons, price level targeting, and nominal GDP level targeting are evaluated in a laboratory setting. Contrary to theoretical prediction with full information rational expectations, participants exhibit backward-looking expectations and, consequently, rate-targeting mandates outperform level targeting. More history dependence worsens macroeconomic stability. Inflation expectations are managed better when mandates are framed in terms of inflation rates than price levels. Central bank communication significantly improves the performance of price level targeting.
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