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Embodied theories claim that semantic representations are grounded in sensorimotor systems, but the contribution of sensorimotor brain areas in representing meaning is still controversial. One current debate is whether activity in sensorimotor areas during language comprehension is automatic. Numerous neuroimaging studies reveal activity in perception and action areas during semantic processing that is automatic and independent of context, but increasing findings show that involvement of sensorimotor areas and the connectivity between word-form areas and sensorimotor areas can be modulated
Context (Linguistics). --- Language acquisition. --- Language and languages. --- Neurolinguistics --- Sensorimotor integration --- Semantics --- Linguistics --- Behavioral Sciences --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Language --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Communication --- Information Science --- Psycholinguistics --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Computer Science --- Neuroscience --- Psychological aspects --- Knowledge representation (Information theory) --- Conceptual structures (Information theory) --- Representation of knowledge (Information theory) --- Artificial intelligence --- Information theory --- Neurolinguistics. --- Sensorimotor integration. --- Psychological aspects.
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The stylized fact that strong economic growth is usually accompanied with strong export growth leads many people to conclude that the export sector is the main driving force behind those episodes. The model in this paper, however, shows that the non-tradable sector may also generate high economic growth together with high export growth. Evidence shows that out of 71 "so-called" export-led growth episodes, only 37 of them are consistent with the "exports driving growth" hypothesis. Most of the remaining episodes (24 cases) experienced significant real exchange rate depreciation and are more likely to be characterized by "growth driving exports".
Exports --- Foreign exchange rates --- Elasticity (Economics) --- Econometric models. --- Coefficient of elasticity --- Demand elasticity --- Elasticity, Coefficient of --- Elasticity of demand --- Price elasticity of demand --- Demand (Economic theory) --- Economics --- International trade --- Exports and Imports --- Foreign Exchange --- Economic Theory --- Production and Operations Management --- Trade: General --- Agriculture: Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis --- Prices --- Human Capital --- Skills --- Occupational Choice --- Labor Productivity --- International economics --- Currency --- Foreign exchange --- Economic theory & philosophy --- Macroeconomics --- Export performance --- Real exchange rates --- Labor productivity --- Elasticity --- Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
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Since the mid-1990s, as China has downsized and privatized its state-owned enterprises, severe unemployment has created a new class of urban poor and widespread social and psychological disorders. In Unknotting the Heart, Jie Yang examines this understudied group of workers and their experiences of being laid off, "counseled," and then reoriented to the market economy. Using fieldwork from reemployment programs, community psychosocial work, and psychotherapy training sessions in Beijing between 2002 and 2013, Yang highlights the role of psychology in state-led interventions to alleviate the effects of mass unemployment. She pays particular attention to those programs that train laid-off workers in basic psychology and then reemploy them as informal "counselors" in their capacity as housemaids and taxi drivers. These laid-off workers are filling a niche market created by both economic restructuring and the shortage of professional counselors in China, helping the government to defuse intensified class tension and present itself as a nurturing and kindly power. In reality, Yang argues, this process creates both new political complicity and new conflicts, often along gender lines. Women are forced to use the moral virtues and work ethics valued under the former socialist system, as well as their experiences of overcoming depression and suffering, as resources for their new psychological care work. Yang focuses on how the emotions, potentials, and "hearts" of these women have become sites of regulation, market expansion, and political imagination.
Counseling psychology --- Labor policy --- Psychology, Industrial --- Unemployed --- Unemployment --- Joblessness --- Employment (Economic theory) --- Full employment policies --- Labor supply --- Manpower policy --- Underemployment --- Jobless people --- Out-of-work people --- Unemployed people --- Unemployed workers --- Persons --- Business psychology --- Industrial psychology --- Psychotechnics --- Industrial engineering --- Personnel management --- Psychology, Applied --- Industrial psychologists --- Labor --- State and labor --- Economic policy --- Government policy --- Psychological aspects. --- Political aspects --- Counseling of --- Changping Qu (Beijing, China) --- Changping Xian (China)
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Emotions --- Economics --- Social aspects. --- Political aspects. --- East Asia --- Civilization --- History --- Social conditions
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Embodied theories claim that semantic representations are grounded in sensorimotor systems, but the contribution of sensorimotor brain areas in representing meaning is still controversial. One current debate is whether activity in sensorimotor areas during language comprehension is automatic. Numerous neuroimaging studies reveal activity in perception and action areas during semantic processing that is automatic and independent of context, but increasing findings show that involvement of sensorimotor areas and the connectivity between word-form areas and sensorimotor areas can be modulated by contextual information. Context Effects on Embodied Representation of Language Concepts focuses on these findings and discusses the influences from word, phrase, and sentential contexts that emphasize either dominant conceptual features or non-dominant conceptual features. Reviews the findings about contextual modularityClarifies the invariant and flexible features of embodied lexical-semantic processing.
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China's massive economic restructuring in recent decades has generated alarming incidences of mental disorder affecting over one hundred million people. This timely book provides an anthropological analysis of mental health in China through an exploration of psychology, psychiatry, psychotherapy and psychosocial practices, and the role of the State. The book offers a critical study of new characteristics and unique practices of Chinese psychology and cultural tradition, highlighting the embodied, holistic, heart-based approach to mental health. Drawing together voices from her own research and a broad range of theory, Jie Yang addresses the mental health of a diverse array of people, including members of China's elite, the middle class and underprivileged groups. She argues that the Chinese government aligns psychology with the imperatives and interests of state and market, mobilizing concepts of mental illness to resolve social, moral, economic, and political disorders while legitimating the continued rule of the party through psychological care and permissive empathy. This thoughtful analysis will appeal to those across the social sciences and humanities interested in well-being in China and the intersection of society, politics, culture, and mental health.
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Unemployment --- Unemployed --- Psychology, Industrial --- Labor policy --- Counseling psychology --- Psychological aspects --- Counseling of --- Political aspects --- Government policy --- Changping Qu (Beijing, China)
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This book examines the popular, yet puzzling, Chinese saying Nande hutu 难得糊涂 to uncover how the ancient Chinese wisdom of not knowing is constructed, interpreted, practiced and valued in contemporary society. Originating in the calligraphy of Qing-dynasty scholar Zheng Banqiao, Nande hutu translates literally as: "hard to attain muddle-headedness". Mieke Matthyssen traces the historical development of this saying and related philosophies to reveal a culturally conditioned, multi-layered inclination to different forms of not knowing. In contemporary society, she argues, this inclination forms part of a living art: in some respects, a passive, evasive strategy for self-preservation; in other respects, a strategy for coping with intrapersonal, interpersonal and social complexities. Drawing on an extensive range of primary sources and original research, the analysis skillfully combines philosophical and socio-historical analysis with theory from Chinese philosophy, philosophical psychology and the relatively new field of indigenous psychology, to provide an in-depth understanding of how Nande hutu has shaped, and continues to shape, the Chinese psyche and behaviour. This book will appeal to all readers looking for fresh insights into Chinese culture, and in particular to students and scholars of Chinese and Asian studies, cultural and social anthropology, and philosophical and indigenous psychology. Mieke Matthyssen is a lecturer in the Department of Chinese Studies at Ghent University, Belgium. Her research interests focus on the intellectual history and contemporary interpretation of traditional Chinese philosophies of life, health strategies and indigenous psychology. She has published in journals such as Contemporary Chinese Thought and Journal of Asian History.
Philosophy and psychology of culture --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- History of civilization --- niet-westerse cultuur --- etnologie --- psychologie --- cultuur --- interculturele communicatie --- antropologie --- Asia
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"Current and Future Application of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Medicine presents updates on the application of machine learning and deep learning techniques in medical procedures. Chapters in the volume have been written by outstanding contributors from cancer and computer science institutes with the goal of providing updated knowledge to the reader. Topics covered in the book include 1 Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy, 2 Updates in AI applications in the medical industry, 3 the use of AI in studying the COVID-19 pandemic in China, 4 AI applications in clinical oncology (including AI-based mining for pulmonary nodules and the use of AI in understanding specific carcinomas), 5 AI in medical imaging. Each chapter presents information on related sub topics in a reader friendly format. The combination of expert knowledge and multidisciplinary approaches highlighted in the book make it a valuable source of information for physicians and clinical researchers active in the field of cancer diagnosis and treatment (oncologists, oncologic surgeons, radiation oncologists, nuclear medicine physicians, and radiologists) and computer science scholars seeking to understand medical applications of artificial intelligence."-- Provided by publisher.
Artificial intelligence. --- Artificial intelligence --- Medical applications. --- Clinical Medicine --- Medical
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