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Historical linguistics --- English language --- Dialectology --- anno 1200-1499 --- Fishing --- River life --- Shipping --- Dialects --- Texts. --- Lexicology. --- Terminology. --- Texts --- Lexicology --- Terminology

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Textbooks inform readers that the precursor of Standard English was supposedly an East or Central Midlands variety which became adopted in London; that monolingual fifteenth century English manuscripts fall into internally-cohesive Types; and that the fourth Type, dating after 1435 and labelled ‘Chancery Standard’, provided the mechanism by which this supposedly Midlands variety spread out from London. This set of explanations is challenged by taking a multilingual perspective, examining Anglo-Norman French, Medieval Latin and mixed-language contexts as well as monolingual English ones. By analysing local and legal documents, mercantile accounts, personal letters and journals, medical and religious prose, multiply-copied works, and the output of individual scribes, standardisation is shown to have been preceded by supralocalisation rather than imposed top-down as a single entity by governmental authority. Linguistic features examined include syntax, morphology, vocabulary, spelling, letter-graphs, abbreviations and suspensions, social context and discourse norms, pragmatics, registers, text-types, communities of practice social networks, and the multilingual backdrop, which was influenced by shifting socioeconomic trends.

Historical linguistics --- Sociolinguistics --- English language --- Historical Sociolinguistics --- Medieval Multilingualism --- Standardisation of English --- E-books

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"The Social Life of Words: A Historical Approach explores the rise and fall of the social properties of words, charting ways in which they take on new social connotations. Written in an engaging narrative style, this entertaining text matches up sociolinguistic theory with social history and biography to discover which kind of people used what kind of word, where and when. Social factors such as class, age, race, region, gender, occupation, religion and criminality are discussed in British and American English. From familiar words such as popcorn, porridge, café, to less common words like burgoo, califont, etna, and phrases like kiss me quick, monkey parade, slap-bang shop, The Social Life of Words demonstrates some of the many ways a new word or phrase can develop social affiliations. Detailed yet accessible chapters cover key areas of historical sociolinguistics, including concepts such as social networks, communities of practice, indexicality and enregisterment, prototypes and stereotypes, polysemy, onomasiology, language regard, lexical appropriation, and more" --

Lexicology. Semantics --- Historical linguistics --- Sociolinguistics --- Sociolinguistique. --- Anglais (langue) --- English language --- Société. --- Histoire. --- Social aspects --- Usage --- History --- Sociolinguistics. --- sociolinguistics. --- English language. --- Social aspects. --- Usage. --- History.

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Veganism --- Vegetarianism --- Food habits --- Food habits in literature. --- Social aspects. --- Moral and ethical aspects.

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"The essays in Doing Vegan Studies are engaged with doing theory differently. This collection showcases established and emerging writers who are doing vegan theory, an international mix of activist scholars, affiliated with the academy and doing work beyond it - a distinction that marks vegan studies as a pedagogy and scholarly venue that is not exclusive and that owes its existence to lived animal rights activism"--Provided by publisher.

Veganism --- Vegetarianism in literature. --- Ecocriticism. --- Veganism --- Vegetarianism --- Food habits in literature. --- Humane education. --- Philosophy. --- Social aspects. --- Social aspects.