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"In 404 B.C.E. the Peloponnesian War finally came to an end when the Athenians, starved into submission, were forced to accept Sparta's terms of surrender. Shortly afterward a group of thirty conspirators, with Spartan backing, overthrew the democracy and established a narrow oligarchy. Although the oligarchs were in power for only thirteen months, they killed more than 5 percent of the citizenry and terrorized the rest by confiscating the property of some and banishing many others. Despite this brutality, members of the democratic resistance movement that regained control of Athens came to terms with the oligarchs and agreed to an amnesty that protected collaborators from prosecution for all but the most severe crimes." "The war and subsequent reconciliation of Athenian society has been a rich field for historians of ancient Greece. From a rhetorical and idealogical standpoint, this period is unique because of the extraordinary lengths to which the Athenians went to maintain peace. In Remembering Defeat, Andrew Wolpert claims that the peace was "negotiated and constructed in civic discourse" and not imposed upon the populace. Wolpert sheds light on changes in Athenian ideology by using public speeches of the early fourth century to consider how the Athenians confronted the troubling memories of defeat and civil war, and how they explained to themselves an agreement that allowed the conspirators and their collaborators to go unpunished. Encompassing rhetorical analysis, trauma studies, and recent scholarship on identity, memory, and law, Wolpert's study sheds new light on a pivotal period in Athens' history."--Jacket

Democracy --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Greece --- Athens (Greece) --- Macedonia --- History --- Democracy - Greece. --- Athens (Greece) - History - Thirty Tyrants, 404-403 B.C. --- Greece - History - Spartan and Theban Supremacies, 404-362 B.C. --- Greece - History - Macedonian expansion, 359-323 B.C.

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This volume examines the issue of violence in Xenophon’s works, who lived in circumstances of war for many years. All the papers address issues of violence from different aspects. The exclusive focus on this issue is justified, since no previous detailed study exists on the subject. Most of the chapters focus on the Hellenica, because this work records more aspects of violence than the rest of his works. The volume is more concerned with examining violence in practice rather than the theory of violence, and violent practices are more frequently recorded in the Hellenica, which is the main historical work of Xenophon.This volume attempts to provide a comprehensive study of the subject of violence in Xenophon’s works and to demonstrate the coherence and consistency of his thought on it. This work aspires to be a contribution to classical scholarship since it attempts to: (1) shed further light on the literary character of Xenophon’s oeuvre; (2) offer new interpretation of passages and themes; and (3) put emphasis on passages that scholars have not pointed out and which offer important insights to the thought of Xenophon.

Violence --- Philosophy. --- Xenophon. --- E-books --- Hellenica (Xenophon).

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