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Pollination and Floral Ecology is the most comprehensive single-volume reference to all aspects of pollination biology--and the first fully up-to-date resource of its kind to appear in decades. This beautifully illustrated book describes how flowers use colors, shapes, and scents to advertise themselves; how they offer pollen and nectar as rewards; and how they share complex interactions with beetles, birds, bats, bees, and other creatures. The ecology of these interactions is covered in depth, including the timing and patterning of flowering, competition among flowering plants to attract certain visitors and deter others, and the many ways plants and animals can cheat each other. Pollination and Floral Ecology pays special attention to the prevalence of specialization and generalization in animal-flower interactions, and examines how a lack of distinction between casual visitors and true pollinators can produce misleading conclusions about flower evolution and animal-flower mutualism. This one-of-a-kind reference also gives insights into the vital pollination services that animals provide to crops and native flora, and sets these issues in the context of today's global pollination crisis. Provides the most up-to-date resource on pollination and floral ecology Describes flower advertising features and rewards, foraging and learning by flower-visiting animals, behaviors of generalist and specialist pollinators--and more Examines the ecology and evolution of animal-flower interactions, from the molecular to macroevolutionary scale Features hundreds of color and black-and-white illustrations

Pollination --- Pollination by insects --- Pollination by animals --- Plant ecology --- Pollinisation --- Pollination. --- Pollination by insects. --- Pollination by animals. --- Plant ecology. --- Pollinisation par les insectes --- Pollinisation par les animaux --- Ecologie végétale --- Insect pollination --- Pollinization --- Botany --- Plants --- Ecology --- Animal-plant relationships --- Fertilization of plants by insects --- Fertilization of plants --- Flowers --- Phanerogams --- Pollen --- Self-incompatibility --- Pollinisation. --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Floristic ecology --- Diptera. --- Lepidoptera. --- Megachiroptera. --- Microchiroptera. --- abiotic pollination. --- advertisement. --- amphibian. --- anemophilous plant. --- anemophily. --- angiosperm. --- animal pollination. --- animal. --- animals. --- animalЦlower interaction. --- ant. --- bat pollination. --- bats. --- bee pollination. --- bee. --- bees. --- beetle. --- behavior. --- bird pollination. --- birds. --- bumblebee. --- butterfly. --- carrion fly. --- chiropterophily. --- color vision. --- conifer. --- cost. --- cross-fertilization. --- cross-pollination. --- diversification. --- ectotherm vertebrate. --- feeding apparatus. --- fish. --- floral color. --- floral constancy. --- floral design. --- floral display. --- floral divergence. --- floral odor. --- floral pigment. --- floral scent. --- floral sex. --- floral shape. --- floral signal. --- floral size. --- floral tissue. --- floral variation. --- flower evolution. --- flower morphology. --- flower pollination. --- flower visitor. --- flower. --- flowering. --- flowers. --- flowerаollinator interaction. --- fly pollination. --- foraging behavior. --- generalist flower. --- generalist visitor. --- grasshopper. --- hawkmoth. --- honeybee. --- hoverfly. --- hummingbird. --- hydrophily. --- inflorescence. --- insect. --- invertebrate. --- learning. --- marsupial. --- melittophily. --- monkey. --- mutualism. --- nectar biology. --- nectar concentration. --- nectar gathering. --- nectar guide. --- nectar production. --- nectar secretion. --- nectar volume. --- nectar. --- nectary. --- nonflying mammal. --- nonflying vertebrate. --- odor learning. --- oil. --- olfaction. --- olfactory signal. --- ornithophily. --- perching bird. --- phalaenophily. --- plant diversity. --- plant fertilization. --- plant mating. --- plant pollination. --- plant reproduction. --- plant sex. --- plant speciation. --- plant. --- plants. --- pollen biology. --- pollen competition. --- pollen eating. --- pollen gathering. --- pollen packaging. --- pollen. --- pollination biology. --- pollination ecology. --- pollination syndromes. --- pollination. --- pollinator effectiveness. --- pollinator. --- psychophily. --- reproductive isolation. --- resin. --- reward. --- scent. --- selection. --- self-fertilization. --- selfing. --- sexual function. --- sociality. --- specialist flower. --- specialization. --- speciation. --- sphingophily. --- stigmatic exudate. --- thrip. --- visitation pattern. --- visual signal. --- wasp. --- wax. --- wind pollination.

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Phylogenetic study is an important corner-stone of biology, for the evolutionary relationships between groups of animals bear heavily on the analysis of their physiology, behaviour and ecology. Despite this, there have been few books which analyse the diversity of animal life in terms of its origins, and the relationships between different groups. In this book Pat Willmer draws on her experience of teaching invertebrate zoology to produce a stimulating account of both the relationships between invertebrate phyla and of the phylogenetic pattern of the animal kingdom. After reviewing the current state of the subject, the author discusses the various sources of evidence - structural, chemical, genetic, embryological and fossil - which bear upon the question of how living animals are related to each other. Much of this evidence has accumulated over the last two decades, yet there has been surprisingly little appreciation of the implications it has on phylogenetic research. Dr Willmer goes on to apply these lines of evidence to particular groups of invertebrates, discussing many of the classical problems of invertebrate phylogeny - the origins and relations of the lower metazoa, arthropod phylogeny, the protostome/deuterostome question, and the origin of chordates from invertebrates. The prevalence of convergent evolution is a strong theme of the book, as it becomes clear that many features, from details of cell chemistry and structure to overall body plan and life history, have been invented repeatedly and independently under similar selection pressures. This book succeeds in bringing together the previously scattered literature on invertebrate phylogeny, forming a unique introduction to this fascinating and controversial subject, and up-to-date review of invertebrate zoology.

Invertebrates --- Invertebrates, Fossil. --- Evolution.

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Animal physiology. Animal biophysics --- Animal ethology and ecology. Sociobiology --- 591.1 --- Adaptation (Physiology) --- Ecophysiology --- Physiology, Comparative --- Comparative physiology --- Medicine, Comparative --- Zoology --- Ecological physiology --- Environmental physiology --- Physiological ecology --- Ecology --- Physiology --- Compensation (Physiology) --- Plasticity (Physiology) --- Animal physiology --- Ecophysiology. --- Physiology, Comparative. --- Adaptation (Physiology). --- 591.1 Animal physiology --- 591.52 --- 591.52 The animal in relation to the area --- The animal in relation to the area