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The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has adopted a focused approach to risk reduction. DHS is moving increasingly to risk analysis and risk-based resource allocation, a process that is designed to manage the greatest risks instead of attempting to protect everything. This report applies a probabilistic terrorism model that is broadly applied in the insurance industry to assess risk across cities, to assess risks within specific cities, and to assist intelligence analysis. Among the authors' conclusions: Terrorism risk is concentrated in a small number of cities, with most cities having negligible relative risk, so terrorism estimates such as those described in the report should be incorporated into the grant allocation assessment process. DHS should consider funding the development of city profiles of major metropolitan areas receiving DHS preparedness grants. It should also develop descriptions of terrorist attack planning and operations that can be used to translate estimates from risk models of likely attack scenarios into detailed recommendations. Finally, DHS should develop tabletop exercises to test the scenarios and provide feedback.

Terrorism risk assessment --- Cities and towns --- Terrorism --- Prevention. --- Prevention --- Research.

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Electric power transmission. --- Electricity --- Power transmission, Electric --- Electric power systems --- Electric lines --- Electric power distribution --- Transmission

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Risk (Insurance) --- Risk management

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Social Welfare --- Disasters --- Quality Assurance, Health Care --- Climatic Processes --- Financial Management --- Social Sciences --- Organization and Administration --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Ecological and Environmental Processes --- Quality of Health Care --- Health Services Administration --- Economics --- Sociology --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Environment --- Health Care --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Environment and Public Health --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Biological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Guidelines as Topic --- Relief Work --- Risk Management --- Cyclonic Storms --- Government Programs --- Social Welfare & Social Work --- Social Welfare & Social Work - General --- Government Sponsored Programs --- Government-Sponsored Programs --- Government Program --- Government Sponsored Program --- Government-Sponsored Program --- Program, Government --- Program, Government Sponsored --- Program, Government-Sponsored --- Programs, Government --- Programs, Government Sponsored --- Programs, Government-Sponsored --- Hurricane --- Hurricanes --- Tropical Storm --- Typhoon --- Typhoons --- Cyclone --- Cyclones --- Cyclonic Storm --- Storm, Cyclonic --- Storm, Tropical --- Storms, Cyclonic --- Storms, Tropical --- Tropical Storms --- Hospital Incident Reportings --- Incident Reporting --- Incident Reportings, Hospital --- Management, Risks --- Reporting, Hospital Incident --- Reportings, Hospital Risk --- Voluntary Patient Safety Event Reporting --- Hospital Incident Reporting --- Incident Reporting, Hospital --- Hospital Risk Reporting --- Hospital Risk Reportings --- Incident Reportings --- Management, Risk --- Reporting, Hospital Risk --- Reporting, Incident --- Reportings, Hospital Incident --- Reportings, Incident --- Risk Reporting, Hospital --- Risk Reportings, Hospital --- Risks Management --- Humanitarian Assistance --- Assistance, Humanitarian --- Assistances, Humanitarian --- Humanitarian Assistances --- Relief Works --- Work, Relief --- Works, Relief --- Guidelines as Topics --- Biologic Phenomena --- Biological Phenomenon --- Biological Process --- Phenomena, Biological --- Biological Processes --- Phenomena, Biologic --- Phenomenon, Biological --- Process, Biological --- Processes, Biological --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Ecological and Environmental Concepts --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Environmental Impact --- Environmental Impacts --- Impact, Environmental --- Impacts, Environmental --- Environments --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- General Social Development and Population --- Capital --- Conditions, Economic --- Consumption --- Cost of Living --- Easterlin Hypothesis --- Economic Conditions --- Economic Factors --- Economic Policies --- Economic Policy --- Economics, Home --- Factors, Economic --- Home Economics --- Household Consumption --- Macroeconomic Factors --- Microeconomic Factors --- Policies, Economic --- Policy, Economic --- Production --- Remittances --- Utility Theory --- Consumer Price Index --- Condition, Economic --- Consumer Price Indices --- Consumption, Household --- Economic Condition --- Economic Factor --- Factor, Economic --- Factor, Macroeconomic --- Factor, Microeconomic --- Factors, Macroeconomic --- Factors, Microeconomic --- Household Consumptions --- Hypothesis, Easterlin --- Index, Consumer Price --- Indices, Consumer Price --- Living Cost --- Living Costs --- Remittance --- Theories, Utility --- Theory, Utility --- Utility Theories --- Administration, Health Services --- Health Services --- Quality of Care --- Quality of Healthcare --- Care Qualities --- Care Quality --- Health Care Quality --- Healthcare Quality --- Administration and Organization --- Administrative Technics --- Administrative Techniques --- Coordination, Administrative --- Logistics --- Supervision --- Technics, Administrative --- Techniques, Administrative --- Administration --- Administrative Coordination --- Administrative Technic --- Administrative Technique --- Technic, Administrative --- Technique, Administrative --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Financial Activities --- Funds --- Endowments --- Activities, Financial --- Activity, Financial --- Endowment --- Financial Activity --- Fund --- Management, Financial --- Climatic Process --- Process, Climatic --- Processes, Climatic --- Health Care Quality Assessment --- Health Care Quality Assurance --- Healthcare Quality Assessment --- Healthcare Quality Assurance --- Quality Assessment, Healthcare --- Quality Assurance, Healthcare --- Quality Assessment, Health Care --- Assessment, Healthcare Quality --- Assessments, Healthcare Quality --- Assurance, Healthcare Quality --- Assurances, Healthcare Quality --- Healthcare Quality Assessments --- Healthcare Quality Assurances --- Quality Assessments, Healthcare --- Quality Assurances, Healthcare --- Natural Disaster --- Natural Disasters --- Disaster --- Disaster, Natural --- Disasters, Natural --- Community Services --- Services, Community --- Community Service --- Service, Community --- Welfare, Social --- organization & administration --- National Health Programs --- Truth Disclosure --- Social Work --- Rescue Work --- Environmental Health --- Pharmacy Audit --- Audit, Pharmacy --- Pharmacy Audits --- Financial Statements --- Chernobyl Nuclear Accident --- Public Assistance --- Health Care Economics --- Health Economics --- Healthcare Economics --- Care Economic, Health --- Economic, Health --- Economic, Health Care --- Economic, Healthcare --- Economics, Health Care --- Health Care Economic --- Health Economic --- Healthcare Economic --- Social Welfare. --- Disasters. --- Quality Assurance, Health Care. --- Climatic Processes. --- Financial Management. --- Social Sciences. --- Organization and Administration. --- Sociology. --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena. --- Quality of Health Care. --- Health Services Administration. --- Economics. --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation. --- Environment. --- Delivery of Health Care. --- Environment and Public Health. --- Health Care Economics and Organizations. --- Biological Phenomena. --- Guidelines as Topic. --- Relief Work. --- Risk Management. --- Cyclonic Storms. --- Government Programs.

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The Office of Naval Research has been sponsoring development of analytic tools for exploring the benefits of electric drive propulsion for naval vessels. RAND has performed an initial assessment to assist in this work. Researchers focused on developing a framework for assessing the different technologies for key components of electric propulsion, such as motors, generators, and power electronics, but did not assess specific alternatives. This documented briefing outlines the approach the authors developed for making such assessments (which uses modeling and Monte Carlo simulations), presents the quantitative methods they used to analyze the potential performance of various components, suggests how this information can be integrated to assess the affects on overall ship performance. The authors illustrate this by presenting performance metrics for several components and examining their effects on one key ship-level performance metric, ship power density for a notional electric-propulsion destroyer.

Ship propulsion, Electric --- Naval architecture --- Uncertainty --- Monte Carlo method --- Ship propulsion, Electric. --- Naval architecture. --- Uncertainty. --- Monte Carlo method.