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Cyber risk is an emerging source of systemic risk in the financial sector, and possibly a macro-critical risk too. It is therefore important to integrate it into financial sector surveillance. This paper offers a range of analytical approaches to assess and monitor cyber risk to the financial sector, including various approaches to stress testing. The paper illustrates these techniques by applying them to Singapore. As an advanced economy with a complex financial system and rapid adoption of fintech, Singapore serves as a good case study. We place our results in the context of recent cybersecurity developments in the public and private sectors, which can be a reference for surveillance work.

Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Online Safety & Privacy --- Industries: Financial Services --- Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy --- Financial Crises --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Insurance --- Insurance Companies --- Actuarial Studies --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Financing Policy --- Financial Risk and Risk Management --- Capital and Ownership Structure --- Value of Firms --- Goodwill --- General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Computer security --- Finance --- Banking --- Cyber risk --- Stress testing --- Systemic risk --- Financial sector risk --- Technology --- Financial sector policy and analysis --- Insurance companies --- Financial institutions --- Information technology --- Security measures --- Financial risk management --- Banks and banking --- Singapore