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Les articles rassemblés dans ce recueil traitent de l’expression des valeurs existentielles dans différentes langues du monde. Le caractère universel de la problématique et sa richesse sont illustrés par la diversité des approches théoriques permettant de constater les similitudes et les différences de son expression d’une langue à l’autre. L’originalité de l’ouvrage ne réside pas seulement dans la description de la variété des structures existentielles, porteurs de valeurs possessives, locatives ou attributives, elle consiste également dans leur lecture multiple. La structure du recueil a été arbitrairement organisée en deux parties. Dans les articles de la première partie, la prédication existentielle est envisagée d’un point de vue typologique, dans ceux de la deuxième partie, c’est une démarche énonciative et pragmatique qui est appliquée. Cette répartition est toutefois quelque peu artificielle, dans la mesure où tous les auteurs envisagent les traits sémantiques, syntaxiques et formels des constructions existentielles et, pour certains articles, les paramètres contextuels quelle que soit la langue concernée. La prédication existentielle est présentée par les auteurs comme une opération spécifique de repérage d’un terme par rapport à l’autre qui se répercute sur le marquage non canonique des constituants propositionnels, ainsi que par l’emploi des marqueurs d’existence spécifiques. L’analyse typologique et l’approche énonciative se complètent et ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives dans la recherche linguistique sur l’expression de l’existence dans les langues du monde. The articles in this collection deal with the expression of existential values in several languages of the world. The diversity of theoretical approach taken by the authors illustrates richness and universality of this problem, and demonstrates the similarities and the differences of its expression in natural languages. The original aspect of the collection is not only due to the description of…

Sujet et prédicat (linguistique). --- Linguistique. --- Linguistics --- Language & Linguistics (General) --- prédication existentielle --- constructions possessives --- localisation --- saillance --- marqueurs d'existence --- Existential predication --- possessive constructions --- locational predication --- ve-drift --- бытийная предикация --- посессивные конструкции --- локализация --- фокализация --- маркеры бытийных значений

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This volume brings together ten contributions to the study of untutored (mainly) second but also first language acquisition. All chapters have been written from a functionalist perspective and take as the main theoretical framework a model of spontaneous second language acquisition centered on the "basic variety" as proposed by Klein and Perdue. The chapters in the volume are grouped around two research themes. The first theme concerns the acquisition of scope phenomena (negation, scope particles), the second one deals with referential movement (reference to person, time and space). Both parts provide insights in the structure of learner varieties at various stages of development, and are followed by a discussion chapter. Scope phenomena, such as negation and frequency adverbials present an important learning problem, as learners have to reconcile the logical structure of their utterances with the syntactic specifics of the language being learned. Their acquisition has been relatively neglected in studies up to date, however, and we even lack detailed knowledge about the interpretation of scope particles in the target languages. The chapters in this part of the volume set out to provide more knowledge about scope phenomena in general; more detailed descriptions of the particles in the languages under consideration; and a more general understanding of how scope is acquired. Strong findings resulting from the "ESF" project suggested universal trends in how untutored learners deal with acquisition in the very early stages (the basic variety). Chapters in this second part of the volume on referential movement look at acquisition at more advanced stages, including the production of near native speakers. Learners who progress beyond the basic variety increasingly grammaticalise their productions. This later development is supposedly more variable, as more specific aspects of the target languages are now being acquired. Chapters in this part allow to shed more light on the question regarding universal and language-specific influences on language acquisition.

Language acquisition --- Language and languages --- Variation --- Language acquisition. --- Variation. --- Characterology of speech --- Language diversity --- Language subsystems --- Language variation --- Linguistic diversity --- Variation in language --- Acquisition of language --- Developmental linguistics --- Developmental psycholinguistics --- Language development in children --- Psycholinguistics, Developmental --- Acquisition --- Interpersonal communication in children --- Psycholinguistics --- Language and languages - Variation