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In Situ Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent Plumes H.F. Stroo & C.H. Ward Editors This volume presents a critical analysis and timely synthesis of the past two decades of intensive research, development and demonstrations on the in situ remediation of chlorinated solvent plumes. The intended audiences include the decision makers, practicing engineers and hydrogeologists who will select, design and operate these remedial systems, as well as the researchers seeking to improve the current state of the science and technology. Our hope is that this volume will serve as a useful resource to assist remediation professionals in applying and developing these technologies as effectively as possible. Topics addressed in this volume include: An overview of the current state of understanding of chlorinated solvents remediation. A summary of the chemistry of solvents, the physical, chemical and biological processes that underpin the most frequently employed remediation technologies, and the engineering and implementation issues that influence their efficacy. A discussion of site characterization, source zone and plume management, and modeling strategies and tools. An analysis of the advantages, performance and relative costs of a range of remedial technologies, including bioremediation technologies such as monitored natural attenuation, biostimulation and bioaugmentation for anaerobic degradation of chlorinated solvents; and physical-chemical technologies such as air sparging, chemical oxidation and reduction, barrier walls, and in-well treatment. A cost assessment of the most frequently used technologies, with case studies of several template sites and analyses of the capital costs, as well as costs for laboratory testing, pilot-scale demonstration, design, system operation, monitoring and maintenance during operations, and demolition and restoration after remediation. In addition, analogous cost data are presented for pump-and-treat systems for each template site to illustrate the potential cost savings associated with the use of alternative approaches. A summary of emerging technologies such as phytoremediation and electrolytic reactive barriers to illustrate their current stage of maturity and the potential applicability of these approaches for specific situations. An assessment of the research needed to more cost-effectively address what remains of a multi-billion dollar legacy environmental contamination problem. Each chapter in this volume has been thoroughly reviewed for technical content by one or more experts in each of the subject areas covered. The editors and chapter authors have produced a well-written and up-to-date treatise that we hope will be a useful reference for decision-makers, practitioners and developers of advanced technologies for in situ remediation of chlorinated solvent plumes.

Bioremediation. --- Organochlorine compounds -- Biodegradation. --- Solvents -- Biodegradation. --- Organochlorine compounds --- Solvents --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Environmental Engineering --- Environmental Sciences --- Environmental aspects --- In situ remediation. --- Chlorine compounds. --- Solvents. --- Chlorine compounds --- Plumes (Fluid dynamics) --- Environmental aspects. --- In situ treatment of wastes --- Remediation, In situ --- Environment. --- Microbiology. --- Geochemistry. --- Civil engineering. --- Environmental management. --- Waste management. --- Water pollution. --- Environmental Management. --- Waste Management/Waste Technology. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Civil Engineering. --- Applied Microbiology. --- Fluid dynamics --- Fluids --- Plasticizers --- Pollution --- Waste disposal. --- Environmental pollution. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Engineering --- Public works --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc.

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This volume reviews the past 10 to 15 years of intensive research and development that have led to bioaugmentation becoming an accepted technology. It includes background information on the basic microbial processes involved, as well as a thorough summary of the most important bioaugmentation strategies. It will serve as a valuable resource for environmental remediation professionals who seek to understand, evaluate and implement bioaugmentation. Topics include: A brief history and overview of bioaugmentation. A detailed review of the discovery of Dehalococcoides and the development of reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents as a remedial technology. The state-of-the-science for the production and handling of Dehalococcoides bioaugmentation cultures. A practical guide for deciding whether to bioaugment with Dehalococcoides. Design considerations for implementing bioaugmentation. A summary of the monitoring options during bioaugmentation with Dehalococcoides. Reviews of other bioaugmentation techniques, including aerobic cometabolism of chlorinated solvents, and treatment of carbon tetrachloride and methyl tert butyl ether. An analysis of the costs for bioaugmentation of chlorinated aliphatic compounds in groundwater. An assessment of and the uncertainties and opportunities for future bioaugmentation research and development. Each chapter in this volume has been thoroughly reviewed for technical content by two or more experts in each subject area covered. This volume will provide a useful reference for both practitioners and researchers involved in groundwater remediation.

General microbiology --- Medical microbiology, virology, parasitology --- Water supply. Water treatment. Water pollution --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Civil engineering. Building industry --- toegepaste microbiologie --- milieukunde --- microbiologie --- milieu --- waterverontreiniging --- milieubeleid --- milieuverontreiniging --- grondwater --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- oplosmiddelen

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This volume reviews the past 10 to 15 years of intensive research and development that have led to bioaugmentation becoming an accepted technology. It includes background information on the basic microbial processes involved, as well as a thorough summary of the most important bioaugmentation strategies. It will serve as a valuable resource for environmental remediation professionals who seek to understand, evaluate and implement bioaugmentation. Topics include: A brief history and overview of bioaugmentation. A detailed review of the discovery of Dehalococcoides and the development of reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents as a remedial technology. The state-of-the-science for the production and handling of Dehalococcoides bioaugmentation cultures. A practical guide for deciding whether to bioaugment with Dehalococcoides. Design considerations for implementing bioaugmentation. A summary of the monitoring options during bioaugmentation with Dehalococcoides. Reviews of other bioaugmentation techniques, including aerobic cometabolism of chlorinated solvents, and treatment of carbon tetrachloride and methyl tert butyl ether. An analysis of the costs for bioaugmentation of chlorinated aliphatic compounds in groundwater. An assessment of and the uncertainties and opportunities for future bioaugmentation research and development. Each chapter in this volume has been thoroughly reviewed for technical content by two or more experts in each subject area covered. This volume will provide a useful reference for both practitioners and researchers involved in groundwater remediation.

Groundwater --- Bioremediation. --- Purification. --- Pollution. --- Environmental biotechnology --- Contamination of groundwater --- Groundwater contamination --- Groundwater pollution --- Groundwater -- Purification. --- Environment. --- Water quality. --- Water pollution. --- Microbiology. --- Civil engineering. --- Environmental management. --- Environmental Management. --- Water Quality/Water Pollution. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Civil Engineering. --- Applied Microbiology. --- Pollution --- Biodegradation --- Environmental pollution. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Engineering --- Public works --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Environmental aspects --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Freshwater --- Freshwater quality --- Marine water quality --- Quality of water --- Seawater --- Seawater quality --- Water --- Quality --- Composition

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Groundwater --- Membranes (Technology) --- Purification

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Geochemistry --- Medical microbiology, virology, parasitology --- Water supply. Water treatment. Water pollution --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Civil engineering. Building industry --- geochemie --- toegepaste microbiologie --- waterverontreiniging --- milieubeleid --- grondwater --- ingenieurswetenschappen