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This book explains the urgent necessity to compile a Civil Code and calls for constitutional awareness in compiling that Civil Code, highlighting the need for it to be done in a democratic and scientific manner. It advocates “Pragmatic Methods” as a new approach to compiling a Civil Code of China and shares the author’s thoughts on the constitutionality of compiling a Civil Code, explains the object that is to be judged in terms of its constitutionality, and the constitutionality of legal interpretation, of legislative procedures and of legal application. The book also illustrates the author’s “mode of the codifying of non-basic laws” for compiling a Civil Code, and includes a detailed discussion on compiling a Civil Code to reveal how many valid laws there are China – a matter that is of vital importance to the compilation of the Civil Code. The Appendix includes statistics on the number of civil cases classified according to causes of actions, based on “Judicial Opinions of China” website, which is the first step of the author’s plan to investigate civil customs reflected in judgment documents with the help of big-data analytical methods.

Civil law --- Private international law. --- Conflict of laws. --- Civil law. --- Constitutional law. --- Private International Law, International & Foreign Law, Comparative Law . --- Civil Law. --- Constitutional Law. --- Constitutional law --- Constitutional limitations --- Constitutionalism --- Constitutions --- Limitations, Constitutional --- Public law --- Administrative law --- Law, Civil --- Private law --- Roman law --- Choice of law --- Conflict of laws --- Intermunicipal law --- International law, Private --- International private law --- Private international law --- Law --- Legal polycentricity --- Interpretation and construction --- China.

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Over the last decade, there has been a growing interest in human behavior analysis, motivated by societal needs such as security, natural interfaces, affective computing, and assisted living. However, the accurate and non-invasive detection and recognition of human behavior remain major challenges and the focus of many research efforts. Traditionally, in order to identify human behavior, it is first necessary to continuously collect the readings of physical sensing devices (e.g., camera, GPS, and RFID), which can be worn on human bodies, attached to objects, or deployed in the environment. Afterwards, using recognition algorithms or classification models, the behavior types can be identified so as to facilitate advanced applications. Although such traditional approaches deliver satisfactory performance and are still widely used, most of them are intrusive and require specific sensing devices, raising issues such as privacy and deployment costs. In this book, we will present our latest findings on non-invasive sensing and understanding of human behavior. Specifically, this book differs from existing literature in the following senses. Firstly, we focus on approaches that are based on non-invasive sensing technologies, including both sensor-based and device-free variants. Secondly, while most existing studies examine individual behaviors, we will systematically elaborate on how to understand human behaviors of various granularities, including not only individual-level but also group-level and community-level behaviors. Lastly, we will discuss the most important scientific problems and open issues involved in human behavior analysis.

Application software. --- Data mining. --- Personal computers. --- Computer Appl. in Social and Behavioral Sciences. --- Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. --- Personal Computing. --- Home computers --- Micro computers --- Micros (Microcomputers) --- PCs (Microcomputers) --- Personal computers --- Small computers --- Minicomputers --- Algorithmic knowledge discovery --- Factual data analysis --- KDD (Information retrieval) --- Knowledge discovery in data --- Knowledge discovery in databases --- Mining, Data --- Database searching --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Human behavior. --- Action, Human --- Behavior, Human --- Ethology --- Human action --- Human beings --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Psychology --- Social sciences --- Psychology, Comparative --- Behavior

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International private law --- Public law. Constitutional law --- Private law --- burgerlijk recht --- grondrechten --- internationaal privaatrecht --- staatsrecht --- grondwet

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This paper examines innovation, deregulation, and firm dynamics over the life cycle of the U.S. ATM and debit card industry. In doing so, we construct a dynamic equilibrium model to study how a major product innovation (introducing the new debit card function) interacted with banking deregulation drove the industry shakeout. Calibrating the model to a novel dataset on ATM network entry, exit, size, and product offerings shows that our theory fits the quantitative pattern of the industry well. The model also allows us to conduct counterfactual analyses to evaluate the respective roles that innovation and deregulation played in the industry evolution.

Banks and Banking --- Industries: Service --- Industries: Financial Services --- Inventions --- Public Finance --- Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance: General --- Innovation --- Research and Development --- Technological Change --- Intellectual Property Rights: General --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Industry Studies: Services: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Banking --- Inventions & inventors --- Technology --- general issues --- Finance --- Public finance & taxation --- Technological innovation --- Financial services --- Services sector --- Economic sectors --- Public expenditure review --- Expenditure --- Banks and banking --- Technological innovations --- Financial services industry --- Service industries --- Expenditures, Public --- United States --- General issues

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Zonder onderwerpscode: economie