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Dissertation
Sintering and properties of nickel-bonded niobium carbide cermets
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Year: 2017 Publisher: Leuven KU Leuven. Faculteit Ingenieurswetenschappen

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Abstract

Cemented carbide products are used in cutting, mining, oil drilling and tunnel boring due to their abrasion resistance, compressive strength, high elastic modulus, thermal shock resistance and wear resistance. Cemented carbides consist of a hard ceramic carbide phase and a soft metal binder. The hard carbide particles provide hardness and wear resistance to the material, while the soft metallic binder provides the toughness needed for the application. The composition of the cemented carbide can be optimised to satisfy all kinds of industrial applications. In this thesis, Niobium carbide, nickel, molybdenum and vanadium carbide powders were mixed in certain ratios and conventional pressureless sintered in the 1300°C-1480°C temperature range. Differential thermal analysis was performed to get the optimal sintering temperature. The microstructure and composition of the sintered cermets were examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Electron backscattered diffraction was used to analyze the grain orientation in both phases. Mechanical properties such as hardness, toughness and flexural strength were measured. Finally, the elastic modulus and damping of NbC cermets were measured as a function of temperature and the oxidation behavior of the NbC cermets was investigated. The density of the NbC cermets increased with increasing Ni content and the relative density of the cermets was strongly influenced by the sintering temperature. Fully densified cermets were obtained with a sintering temperature over 1340°C. After liquid phase sintering, both molybdenum and vanadium were more uniformly distributed in the microstructure. The hardness of the NbC cermets decreased with increasing Ni content, whereas the toughness and flexural strength increased. With longer oxidation time, the thickness of the oxide layer on the surface of the NbC cermets increased. The oxide layer thickness of NbC16Ni4Mo4VC changed linearly with oxidation time, whereas the oxide layer thickness of NbC8Ni4Mo4VC parabolically evolved with oxidation time. The Young’s modulus decreased with increasing temperature while the change in the damping curve as function of temperature revealed the onset of plastic deformation of the cermet materials.

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